In the world of athletic training, power training has always represented an area of considerable interest. Advances in exercise science and physical education over the past century have supported the integration of methodologies such as plyometrics and Olympic weightlifting into training programs. Traditionally, plyometrics has been regarded as the primary strategy for increasing neuromuscular power and explosiveness. However, in recent decades, Olympic weightlifting has emerged as a valid alternative, gaining increasing attention in many sports settings. Although both methods have been widely studied and their effects on enhancing athletic performance are well documented, recent scientific literature has sought to directly compare them in order to determine which of the two strategies produces more significant performance outcomes. Through a systematic analysis of the available literature, it is possible to conclude that Olympic weightlifting, along with its derivative exercises, generates greater performance adaptations compared to plyometric training. Specifically, although both training modalities lead to significant improvements in key athletic performance tests, individuals who follow programs that include Olympic lifts tend to achieve superior results. However, it is important to emphasize the need to contextualize these findings, considering that the applicability of such evidence may vary depending on the characteristics of the training environment and the specific needs of the athlete. As a result, coaches and athletic trainers should adopt an integrated and flexible approach, carefully evaluating the opportunity to incorporate both methodologies into training programs in a thoughtful and strategic manner.
Nel mondo della preparazione atletica l’allenamento della potenza ha da sempre rappresentato un ambito di notevole interesse. I progressi conseguiti nell’ambito delle scienze motorie e dell’esercizio fisico nel corso dell’ultimo secolo hanno favorito l’integrazione, all’interno dei programmi, di metodologie quali la pliometria e la pesistica olimpica. Tradizionalmente, la pliometria è considerata come la principale strategia per l’incremento della potenza neuromuscolare e dell’esplosività. Tuttavia, negli ultimi decenni, la pesistica olimpica è emersa come una valida alternativa, guadagnando progressiva attenzione in molti contesti sportivi. Nonostante entrambe le metodiche siano state ampiamente studiate ed i loro effetti sull’incremento della performance atletica siano documentati, la letteratura scientifica recente ha cercato di confrontarle direttamente, al fine di determinare quale delle due strategie produca effetti più significativi sul piano prestativo. Attraverso un’analisi sistematica della letteratura disponibile, è possibile concludere che la pesistica olimpica, insieme agli esercizi da essa derivati, generi adattamenti prestativi di maggiore entità rispetto all’allenamento pliometrico. In particolare, sebbene entrambe le modalità di allenamento conducano a miglioramenti significativi nei principali test di valutazione della performance atletica, i soggetti sottoposti a programmi comprendenti le alzate olimpiche tendono a conseguire risultati superiori. È tuttavia opportuno sottolineare la necessità di una contestualizzazione dei risultati emersi, tenendo conto che l’applicabilità di tali evidenze può variare in funzione delle caratteristiche del contesto operativo e delle specificità dell’atleta. Ne consegue che allenatori e preparatori atletici dovrebbero adottare un approccio integrato e flessibile, valutando l’opportunità di inserire entrambe le metodologie nei programmi di allenamento in modo ponderato e strategico.
Confronto tra pesistica olimpica e pliometria nella preparazione atletica: metodologie ed effetti sulla prestazione.
DE NADAI, ENRICO
2024/2025
Abstract
In the world of athletic training, power training has always represented an area of considerable interest. Advances in exercise science and physical education over the past century have supported the integration of methodologies such as plyometrics and Olympic weightlifting into training programs. Traditionally, plyometrics has been regarded as the primary strategy for increasing neuromuscular power and explosiveness. However, in recent decades, Olympic weightlifting has emerged as a valid alternative, gaining increasing attention in many sports settings. Although both methods have been widely studied and their effects on enhancing athletic performance are well documented, recent scientific literature has sought to directly compare them in order to determine which of the two strategies produces more significant performance outcomes. Through a systematic analysis of the available literature, it is possible to conclude that Olympic weightlifting, along with its derivative exercises, generates greater performance adaptations compared to plyometric training. Specifically, although both training modalities lead to significant improvements in key athletic performance tests, individuals who follow programs that include Olympic lifts tend to achieve superior results. However, it is important to emphasize the need to contextualize these findings, considering that the applicability of such evidence may vary depending on the characteristics of the training environment and the specific needs of the athlete. As a result, coaches and athletic trainers should adopt an integrated and flexible approach, carefully evaluating the opportunity to incorporate both methodologies into training programs in a thoughtful and strategic manner.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/90193