The phenomenon of doping has accompanied the history of sports since its inception, evolving in parallel with the political, economic, and cultural transformations of international competitions. Synthetic testosterone is among the most widely used substances for enhancing physical performance due to its anabolic properties. This thesis examines the physiological role of natural testosterone, comparing it to exogenous forms, and explores the side effects linked to its misuse in sports. It then reviews the current analytical methods used to detect testosterone, highlighting their limitations, costs, and technical complexity. The core of the study focuses on next-generation biosensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), analyzing their operating principles, structure, and potential in selective testosterone detection. Finally, a comparative analysis is presented between rGO/MOF biosensors and traditional laboratory technologies, with particular attention to performance, cost-effectiveness, and applicability in both sports and clinical contexts.
Il fenomeno del doping ha accompagnato la storia dello sport sin dalle sue origini, evolvendosi in parallelo con le trasformazioni politiche, economiche e culturali delle competizioni internazionali. In particolare, il testosterone sintetico è tra le sostanze più impiegate per il miglioramento delle prestazioni fisiche, grazie alle sue proprietà anaboliche. La tesi analizza il ruolo fisiologico del testosterone naturale, confrontandolo con quello esogeno, e discute gli effetti collaterali associati al suo abuso in ambito sportivo. Successivamente, viene esaminato lo stato dell’arte dei metodi analitici attualmente utilizzati per la rilevazione del testosterone, evidenziandone limiti, costi e complessità. La parte centrale del lavoro si focalizza sui biosensori di nuova generazione basati su grafene ridotto (rGO) e Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), analizzandone il principio di funzionamento, la struttura e le potenzialità nella rilevazione selettiva del testosterone. Infine, viene proposta un’analisi comparativa tra i biosensori rGO/MOF e le tecnologie di laboratorio tradizionali, con particolare attenzione all’efficienza, economicità e applicabilità in ambito sportivo e clinico.
Rilevazione del testosterone in ambito antidoping: panoramica delle tecnologie esistenti e potenzialità dei sensori MOF/rGO
ZORZI, NICOLÒ
2024/2025
Abstract
The phenomenon of doping has accompanied the history of sports since its inception, evolving in parallel with the political, economic, and cultural transformations of international competitions. Synthetic testosterone is among the most widely used substances for enhancing physical performance due to its anabolic properties. This thesis examines the physiological role of natural testosterone, comparing it to exogenous forms, and explores the side effects linked to its misuse in sports. It then reviews the current analytical methods used to detect testosterone, highlighting their limitations, costs, and technical complexity. The core of the study focuses on next-generation biosensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), analyzing their operating principles, structure, and potential in selective testosterone detection. Finally, a comparative analysis is presented between rGO/MOF biosensors and traditional laboratory technologies, with particular attention to performance, cost-effectiveness, and applicability in both sports and clinical contexts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91698