At the end of the World War II, it became clear that the Air Force needed to design new aircraft that could go beyond the sound barrier, overcoming the problems of instability and poor performance of propeller thrusters that had been used up to that time, for speeds above 1,000 km/h, improving fuel consumption and reducing the weight/power ratio the engines. In 1937, British Royal Air Force lieutenant Frank Whittle successfully bench-tested an innovative engine, based on his 1930 patent for a gas turbine with jet propulsion, consisting of a centrifugal compressor and a single stage turbine. He thus laid the foundation for the development of the first jet engines, which were subsequently used in civilian and military aviation up to the present day. The aim of this paper is to provide an introductory historical background and a general classification of jet aircraft propulsion systems. Subsequently, the main construction and functional characteristics of modern turbojet and turbofan propulsion systems will be analyzed, highlighting their differences and defining their field of use. In conclusion, the GEnx-1B engine , built in 2006 by General Electric and currently used in Boeing 787 aircraft models, will be analyzed as a representative example of a turbofan propulsion system.
Al termine del secondo conflitto mondiale, si rese evidente l’esigenza, per l’Aeronautica Militare, di concepire nuovi velivoli che potessero spingersi oltre la barriera del suono, superando i problemi di instabilità e scarso rendimento dei propulsori ad elica sino ad allora impiegati, per velocità superiori ai 1000 km/h, migliorando i consumi e riducendo il rapporto peso/potenza dei motori. Nel 1937, il tenente inglese della Royal Air Force, Frank Whittle, testò con successo al banco un innovativo motore, basato su un suo brevetto del 1930 di turbina a gas con propulsione a getto, costituito da un compressore centrifugo e da una turbina, monostadio. Pose così le basi per lo sviluppo dei primi motori a reazione con propulsori a getto, successivamente impiegati in ambito aeronautico, civile e militare, fino ai giorni nostri. L’obiettivo del presente elaborato è fornire un cenno storico introduttivo ed una classificazione generale dei sistemi di propulsione aerea a reazione con propulsori a getto. Successivamente, si analizzeranno le principali caratteristiche costruttive e funzionali dei moderni sistemi di propulsione turbojet e turbofan, evidenziandone le differenze e definendone il campo d’impiego. In conclusione, si analizzerà il motore GEnx-1B, costruito nel 2006 da General Electric ed attualmente impiegato nei modelli di velivolo Boeing 787, come esempio rappresentativo di sistema di propulsione turbofan.
Analisi dei sistemi a getto per la propulsione aerea. I sistemi di propulsione turbojet e turbofan
ZANOLIN, FABIO
2024/2025
Abstract
At the end of the World War II, it became clear that the Air Force needed to design new aircraft that could go beyond the sound barrier, overcoming the problems of instability and poor performance of propeller thrusters that had been used up to that time, for speeds above 1,000 km/h, improving fuel consumption and reducing the weight/power ratio the engines. In 1937, British Royal Air Force lieutenant Frank Whittle successfully bench-tested an innovative engine, based on his 1930 patent for a gas turbine with jet propulsion, consisting of a centrifugal compressor and a single stage turbine. He thus laid the foundation for the development of the first jet engines, which were subsequently used in civilian and military aviation up to the present day. The aim of this paper is to provide an introductory historical background and a general classification of jet aircraft propulsion systems. Subsequently, the main construction and functional characteristics of modern turbojet and turbofan propulsion systems will be analyzed, highlighting their differences and defining their field of use. In conclusion, the GEnx-1B engine , built in 2006 by General Electric and currently used in Boeing 787 aircraft models, will be analyzed as a representative example of a turbofan propulsion system.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Zanolin_Fabio.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
1.31 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.31 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91913