Genomic and morphological studies on alpine diurnal butterflies show an intraspecific and interspecific structure which is often more heterogeneous than expected, while being one of the best studied invertebrate taxonomic groups. Erebia euryale and E. ligea (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) are two sister species present in paleartic alpine habitats, usually syntopic and phenotypically similar. While E. euryale is divided into subspecies inhabiting different regions in the Alps, where it shows large intraspecific variability, E. ligea seems to have a more uniform morphology and species structure. This work’s topic is the morphological variability intrapopulation and interpopulation of E. euryale and E. ligea wings in a specific area of the Eastern Alps. Specifically, fine-scale statistical analyses are executed on the variation of patterns of the red colour on the individuals’ wings. These analyses find differences in shape and extent of the red patch between populations belonging to the different subspecies, as well as describe the interpopulation and interspecific variation for these characters. Furthermore, the Monte Zebio population, assigned to western E. euryale kunzi on the basis of geography, is categorized as morphologically intermediate between its closest lineages, for certain morphological characters of the wings.
Studi di tipo genomico e morfologico sulle farfalle diurne delle Alpi mostrano una struttura intra ed interspecifica spesso più eterogenea di quanto attesa, nonostante siano uno dei gruppi tassonomici di invertebrati più studiati. Erebia euryale ed E. ligea (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) sono due specie, considerate sister, presenti in ambienti montani del Paleartico, spesso sintopiche e fenotipicamente simili. Mentre E. euryale è divisa in alcune sottospecie presenti in diverse zone delle Alpi, dove presenta una grande variabilità intraspecifica, E. ligea sembra avere una struttura e una morfologia molto più uniforme. In questo lavoro è studiata la variabilità morfologica intra ed interpopolazione delle ali di E. euryale ed E. ligea in una zona specifica delle Alpi Orientali. In particolare, sono state eseguite analisi statistiche a scala fine sulla variazione di pattern del colore rosso sulle ali degli individui. Queste analisi individuano differenze di forma ed estensione della macchia di colore rosso tra popolazioni delle diverse sottospecie, così come descrivono il livello di variabilità interpopolazione ed interspecifico per questo carattere. Viene inoltre categorizzata la popolazione di Monte Zebio, assegnata alla forma occidentale di E. euryale kunzi su base geografica, come morfologicamente intermedia tra le due linee più vicine ad essa, per certi caratteri morfologici delle ali.
Variation of colour pattern in Erebia euryale and E. ligea lineages in the Eastern Alps
BERIA, TOMMASO
2024/2025
Abstract
Genomic and morphological studies on alpine diurnal butterflies show an intraspecific and interspecific structure which is often more heterogeneous than expected, while being one of the best studied invertebrate taxonomic groups. Erebia euryale and E. ligea (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) are two sister species present in paleartic alpine habitats, usually syntopic and phenotypically similar. While E. euryale is divided into subspecies inhabiting different regions in the Alps, where it shows large intraspecific variability, E. ligea seems to have a more uniform morphology and species structure. This work’s topic is the morphological variability intrapopulation and interpopulation of E. euryale and E. ligea wings in a specific area of the Eastern Alps. Specifically, fine-scale statistical analyses are executed on the variation of patterns of the red colour on the individuals’ wings. These analyses find differences in shape and extent of the red patch between populations belonging to the different subspecies, as well as describe the interpopulation and interspecific variation for these characters. Furthermore, the Monte Zebio population, assigned to western E. euryale kunzi on the basis of geography, is categorized as morphologically intermediate between its closest lineages, for certain morphological characters of the wings.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91995