Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPCD) is a rare genetic disorder belonging to the group of lysosomal storage diseases. This pathology is primarily caused by a mutation in the NPC1 gene, which codes for a lysosomal membrane protein involved in the transport of cholesterol from lysosomes to acceptor compartments such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Golgi apparatus, and the plasma membrane. Consequently, a mutation in this gene leads to an excessive accumulation of cholesterol in the lysosomes, resulting in clinical manifestations that mainly affect the spleen, liver, and particularly the central nervous system, though the pathogenic mechanism has yet to be fully clarified. Recent studies highlight that, in various neurodegenerative diseases, unconventional mechanisms of cell death may play a crucial role in their pathogenesis, including ferroptosis, a form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and dependent on the presence of iron. For this reason, the present study aims to investigate the contribution of ferroptosis to the neurodegeneration associated with Niemann-Pick type C disease. To test this hypothesis, a HEK293T cellular model—either wild-type or knockout for the NPC1 gene—was used. Biochemical techniques were employed to assess susceptibility to ferroptosis and the expression levels of proteins involved in protection against this type of cell death.
La malattia di Niemann-Pick di tipo C (NPCD) è una malattia genetica rara appartenente al gruppo di malattie da accumulo lisosomiale. Questa patologia è principalmente causata dalla mutazione del gene npc1 che codifica per una proteina della membrana lisosomiale coinvolta nel trasporto del colesterolo dai lisosomi verso compartimenti accettori come reticolo endoplasmatico (ER), il Golgi e la membrana plasmatica. Di conseguenza una mutazione in questo gene provoca un eccessivo accumulo di colesterolo nei lisosomi con conseguenti manifestazioni cliniche che colpiscono principalmente milza, fegato e in particolare il sistema nervoso centrale, ma di cui il meccanismo patogenetico deve ancora essere chiarito. Recenti studi sottolineano che, in diverse patologie neurodegenerative, meccanismi non convenzionali di morte cellulare possono giocare un ruolo cruciale nella loro patogenesi, tra cui la ferroptosi, una forma di morte cellulare caratterizzata dall’accumulo di perossidi lipidici e dipendente dalla presenza di ferro. Per tale motivo il presente studio si propone di indagare il contributo della ferroptosi nella neurodegenerazione associata alla malattia di Niemann-Pick di tipo C. Per verificare tale ipotesi è stato utilizzato un modello cellulare di HEK293T wild-type o knockout per il gene npc1 e tramite tecniche biochimiche sono state valutate la suscettibilità alla ferroptosi e i livelli di espressione di proteine coinvolte nella protezione rispetto a questo tipo di morte cellulare.
'Il ruolo della ferroptosi nella malattia di Niemann-Pick'
MAIORINO, SOFIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPCD) is a rare genetic disorder belonging to the group of lysosomal storage diseases. This pathology is primarily caused by a mutation in the NPC1 gene, which codes for a lysosomal membrane protein involved in the transport of cholesterol from lysosomes to acceptor compartments such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Golgi apparatus, and the plasma membrane. Consequently, a mutation in this gene leads to an excessive accumulation of cholesterol in the lysosomes, resulting in clinical manifestations that mainly affect the spleen, liver, and particularly the central nervous system, though the pathogenic mechanism has yet to be fully clarified. Recent studies highlight that, in various neurodegenerative diseases, unconventional mechanisms of cell death may play a crucial role in their pathogenesis, including ferroptosis, a form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and dependent on the presence of iron. For this reason, the present study aims to investigate the contribution of ferroptosis to the neurodegeneration associated with Niemann-Pick type C disease. To test this hypothesis, a HEK293T cellular model—either wild-type or knockout for the NPC1 gene—was used. Biochemical techniques were employed to assess susceptibility to ferroptosis and the expression levels of proteins involved in protection against this type of cell death.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/92024