This thesis focuses on the analysis of organic Rankine cycles (ORC), a technology that allows the conversion of medium and low temperature heat sources. In the introductory part, a theoretical overview of ORC cycles is provided, illustrating their distinctive characteristics, the main plant schemes and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages inherent to their use. The fundamental operating parameters that influence their performance are also discussed. Subsequently, the thesis presents a simulation study conducted using the Matlab software. This simulation focuses on the application of a Rankine cycle to a geothermal plant. The comparative analysis is developed through the variation of the working fluids used in the cycle, evaluating the impact of this choice on the main performance quantities such as the generated power and the system efficiency. Finally, the simulation extends to analyze the economic and environmental aspects, evaluating the ecological footprint associated with the use of different working fluids. The results obtained aim to provide useful indications for the optimization of the design and selection of fluids in ORC cycles applied to geothermal contexts.
La presente tesi di laurea si focalizza sull'analisi dei cicli Rankine organici (ORC), tecnologia che permette la conversione di fonti di calore a media e bassa temperatura. Nella parte introduttiva viene fornita una panoramica teorica dei cicli ORC, illustrandone le caratteristiche distintive, i principali schemi d’impianto e analizzandone i vantaggi e gli svantaggi intrinseci al loro utilizzo. Vengono inoltre discussi i parametri operativi fondamentali che ne influenzano le prestazioni. Successivamente, la tesi presenta uno studio di simulazione condotto mediante l'utilizzo del software Matlab. Tale simulazione è incentrata sull'applicazione di un ciclo Rankine ad un impianto geotermico. L'analisi comparativa si sviluppa attraverso la variazione dei fluidi di lavoro impiegati nel ciclo, valutando l'impatto di tale scelta sulle principali grandezze prestazionali quali la potenza generata e il rendimento del sistema. Infine, la simulazione si estende ad analizzare gli aspetti economici e ambientali, valutando l'impronta ecologica associata all'impiego dei diversi fluidi di lavoro. I risultati ottenuti mirano a fornire indicazioni utili per l'ottimizzazione della progettazione e della selezione dei fluidi nei cicli ORC applicati a contesti geotermici.
Analisi energetica, economica e ambientale di un ciclo ORC per applicazioni geotermiche
MARCATO, NICOLA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis focuses on the analysis of organic Rankine cycles (ORC), a technology that allows the conversion of medium and low temperature heat sources. In the introductory part, a theoretical overview of ORC cycles is provided, illustrating their distinctive characteristics, the main plant schemes and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages inherent to their use. The fundamental operating parameters that influence their performance are also discussed. Subsequently, the thesis presents a simulation study conducted using the Matlab software. This simulation focuses on the application of a Rankine cycle to a geothermal plant. The comparative analysis is developed through the variation of the working fluids used in the cycle, evaluating the impact of this choice on the main performance quantities such as the generated power and the system efficiency. Finally, the simulation extends to analyze the economic and environmental aspects, evaluating the ecological footprint associated with the use of different working fluids. The results obtained aim to provide useful indications for the optimization of the design and selection of fluids in ORC cycles applied to geothermal contexts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/92373