Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates cortical neuronal activity through pulsed electromagnetic fields. In recent years, it has gained increasing use in both experimental and clinical settings, particularly for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders resistant to pharmacological therapy. This thesis provides a systematic analysis of the physical and engineering principles underlying TMS, the design of stimulation devices, the operative modalities, and its main clinical applications. Following an introductory section on the functioning of the nervous system, the work explores the technical features of stimulation and its interactions with brain physiology. The final part focuses on schizophrenia, with special attention to the neurophysiological rationale supporting the use of TMS in this clinical context and to the analysis of a study from the literature evaluating its effectiveness in reducing auditory verbal hallucinations.
La Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS) è una tecnica di neuromodulazione non invasiva che consente di modulare l’attività neuronale corticale mediante campi elettromagnetici pulsati. Negli ultimi anni ha trovato crescente impiego sia in ambito sperimentale che clinico, in particolare nel trattamento di disturbi neuropsichiatrici resistenti alla terapia farmacologica. Questa tesi analizza in modo sistematico i principi fisici e ingegneristici alla base della TMS, la progettazione dei dispositivi, le modalità operative e le sue principali applicazioni. Dopo un’iniziale sezione dedicata al funzionamento del sistema nervoso, vengono approfondite le caratteristiche tecniche della stimolazione e le sue interazioni con la fisiologia cerebrale. L’ultima parte è dedicata alla schizofrenia, con particolare attenzione al razionale neurofisiologico che giustifica l’impiego della TMS in questo contesto clinico e all’analisi di uno studio tratto dalla letteratura che valuta l’efficacia della stimolazione nei confronti delle allucinazioni auditive verbali.
Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica: Analisi ed applicazioni alla Schizofrenia
FOGALE, ANDREA
2024/2025
Abstract
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates cortical neuronal activity through pulsed electromagnetic fields. In recent years, it has gained increasing use in both experimental and clinical settings, particularly for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders resistant to pharmacological therapy. This thesis provides a systematic analysis of the physical and engineering principles underlying TMS, the design of stimulation devices, the operative modalities, and its main clinical applications. Following an introductory section on the functioning of the nervous system, the work explores the technical features of stimulation and its interactions with brain physiology. The final part focuses on schizophrenia, with special attention to the neurophysiological rationale supporting the use of TMS in this clinical context and to the analysis of a study from the literature evaluating its effectiveness in reducing auditory verbal hallucinations.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/92555