With the increasing use of energy from renewable sources, neither dispatchable nor constant over time, the need has emerged to store energy and make the electrical grid more stable against production and load disturbances. Synthetic inertia provided by storage systems enables the stabilization of power networks with a high share of renewables, offering a rapid response to frequency variations and compensating for the lack of mechanical inertial reserve. It brings operational and economic advantages, but requires sophisticated control systems and efficient functional coordination between inverters and grid operators. Synthetic inertia in power systems is analyzed, produced through grid-forming or grid-following inverters programmed to detect frequency variations and actively inject power by simulating mechanical inertia through high-speed digital controls integrated into the power conversion electronics. Various energy storage systems are presented that can rapidly release active power in response to grid frequency variations, even at the expense of total energy capacity. Some of the storage technologies used for synthetic inertia include: · BBES(Battery Energy Storage System) · Flywheel Energy Storage · Ultracapacitors (Supercapacitors) · SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) These systems are selected based on the application objectives, as well as technical, economic, and environmental safety criteria.
Con l’aumento dell’utilizzo di energia da fonti rinnovabili, non programmabili né costanti nel tempo, è emersa la necessità di accumulare energia e rendere la rete più stabile alle perturbazioni di produzione e carico. L’inerzia sintetica da sistemi di accumulo permette di stabilizzare le reti elettriche ad alta componente rinnovabile, fornendo una rapida risposta alle variazioni di frequenza, contrastando l’assenza della riserva inerziale meccanica. Offre vantaggi operativi ed economici, ma richiede controlli sofisticati e coordinamento funzionale efficiente tra inverter ed operatori di rete. Viene analizzata l’inerzia sintetica nei sistemi, prodotta attraverso inverter grid-forming o grid-following, programmati per rilevare le variazioni di frequenza e iniettare attivamente potenza simulando l’inerzia meccanica tramite controlli digitali ad alta velocità integrati nell’elettronica di conversione. Vengono presentati sistemi di accumulo che permettono di rilasciare rapidamente potenza attiva in risposta a variazioni di frequenza di rete anche a scapito della capacità energetica totale. Alcuni sistemi di accumulo utilizzati per l’inerzia sintetica sono: · BBES(Battery Energy Storage System) · Volani (Flywheel Energy Storage) · Supercondensatori (Ultracapacitori) · Superconduttori SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) scelti in base all’obiettivo dell’applicazione, a criteri tecnici, economici e relativi alla sicurezza ambientale.
L'inerzia sintetica nell'ambito dei servizi di rete offerti dai sistemi di accumulo dell'energia elettrica
BARISON, MATTEO
2024/2025
Abstract
With the increasing use of energy from renewable sources, neither dispatchable nor constant over time, the need has emerged to store energy and make the electrical grid more stable against production and load disturbances. Synthetic inertia provided by storage systems enables the stabilization of power networks with a high share of renewables, offering a rapid response to frequency variations and compensating for the lack of mechanical inertial reserve. It brings operational and economic advantages, but requires sophisticated control systems and efficient functional coordination between inverters and grid operators. Synthetic inertia in power systems is analyzed, produced through grid-forming or grid-following inverters programmed to detect frequency variations and actively inject power by simulating mechanical inertia through high-speed digital controls integrated into the power conversion electronics. Various energy storage systems are presented that can rapidly release active power in response to grid frequency variations, even at the expense of total energy capacity. Some of the storage technologies used for synthetic inertia include: · BBES(Battery Energy Storage System) · Flywheel Energy Storage · Ultracapacitors (Supercapacitors) · SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) These systems are selected based on the application objectives, as well as technical, economic, and environmental safety criteria.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Barison_Matteo.pdf
Accesso riservato
Dimensione
819.78 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
819.78 kB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/92846