Weight stigma is a social phenomenon that refers to a set of prejudices, stereotypes, and discrimination directed against fat individuals. Beliefs about the causes and controllability of weight play a key role in the development of stigmatizing attitudes toward fatness; such attitudes are linked to the stigmatization of other groups considered deviant and vary across sociodemographic profiles. However, the relationship between beliefs about weight controllability, stigmatizing attitudes, and sociodemographic variables remains largely unexplored. This study employed a cross-sectional observational design based on a secondary analysis of data from 1,851 participants, collected through sociodemographic and psychometric instruments, including the Beliefs About Obese Persons (BAOP) scale and the Antifat Attitudes Test (AFAT). A structural equation model (SEM) was used to assess the consistency of the empirical data with the hypothesized model. The belief that body weight is under individual control was found to be positively and strongly associated with stigmatizing attitudes toward fatness and was not evenly distributed across social groups in Brazil, being more prevalent among men, younger individuals, heterosexuals, and those with a BMI below 30 kg/m². Occupation, income, and skin colour also showed significant associations with beliefs about the causes of obesity, although with effects of modest magnitude; overall, gender, BMI, and sexual orientation emerged as the most relevant predictors. The association between controllability beliefs and specific sociodemographic profiles supports theories that frame weight stigma as a cultural product with deep ideological roots. This study provides an original contribution to the literature on weight stigma and offers a foundation for future research aimed at further exploring the connections between ideology, social inequality, and cultural dynamics.
Lo stigma della grassezza è un fenomeno sociale che si riferisce all’insieme di pregiudizi, stereotipi e discriminazioni diretti contro le persone grasse. Le credenze sulle cause e sulla controllabilità del peso svolgono un ruolo chiave nello sviluppo di attitudini stigmatizzanti verso la grassezza; tali atteggiamenti si collegano con la stigmatizzazione di altri gruppi considerati devianti e variano nei diversi profili sociodemografici. Tuttavia, rimane poco esplorata la relazione tra le credenze sulla controllabilità del peso, le attitudini stigmatizzanti e le variabili sociodemografiche. Lo studio ha adottato un disegno osservazionale trasversale basato su un’analisi secondaria dei dati di 1851 partecipanti, raccolti tramite strumenti sociodemografici e psicometrici, tra cui la scala Beliefs About Obese Persons (BAOP) e l’Antifat Attitudes Test (AFAT). È stato impiegato un modello di equazioni strutturali (SEM) per valutare la coerenza dei dati empirici con il modello ipotizzato. La credenza che il peso corporeo sia controllabile dall’individuo è risultata positivamente e fortemente associata alle attitudini stigmatizzanti verso la grassezza, e ha mostrato una distribuzione non uniforme tra i diversi gruppi sociali in Brasile, essendo più diffusa tra uomini, giovani, eterosessuali e persone con BMI inferiore a 30 kg/m². Anche le variabili professione, reddito e colore della pelle hanno mostrato associazioni significative con le credenze sulle cause dell’obesità, con effetti di entità modesta; nel complesso, genere, BMI e orientamento sessuale sono emersi come i predittori più rilevanti. L’associazione delle credenze di controllabilità con specifici profili sociodemografici supporta le teorie che inquadrano lo stigma della grassezza come un prodotto culturale, con profonde radici ideologiche. Questo studio offre un contributo originale alla letteratura sullo stigma della grassezza e fornisce una base per future ricerche volte ad approfondire le connessioni tra ideologia, disuguaglianza sociale e dinamiche culturali.
Analisi delle credenze sulla controllabilità del peso corporeo: relazione con fattori sociodemografici e attitudini stigmatizzanti in un campione brasiliano
DI PIETRO, LAURA
2024/2025
Abstract
Weight stigma is a social phenomenon that refers to a set of prejudices, stereotypes, and discrimination directed against fat individuals. Beliefs about the causes and controllability of weight play a key role in the development of stigmatizing attitudes toward fatness; such attitudes are linked to the stigmatization of other groups considered deviant and vary across sociodemographic profiles. However, the relationship between beliefs about weight controllability, stigmatizing attitudes, and sociodemographic variables remains largely unexplored. This study employed a cross-sectional observational design based on a secondary analysis of data from 1,851 participants, collected through sociodemographic and psychometric instruments, including the Beliefs About Obese Persons (BAOP) scale and the Antifat Attitudes Test (AFAT). A structural equation model (SEM) was used to assess the consistency of the empirical data with the hypothesized model. The belief that body weight is under individual control was found to be positively and strongly associated with stigmatizing attitudes toward fatness and was not evenly distributed across social groups in Brazil, being more prevalent among men, younger individuals, heterosexuals, and those with a BMI below 30 kg/m². Occupation, income, and skin colour also showed significant associations with beliefs about the causes of obesity, although with effects of modest magnitude; overall, gender, BMI, and sexual orientation emerged as the most relevant predictors. The association between controllability beliefs and specific sociodemographic profiles supports theories that frame weight stigma as a cultural product with deep ideological roots. This study provides an original contribution to the literature on weight stigma and offers a foundation for future research aimed at further exploring the connections between ideology, social inequality, and cultural dynamics.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93045