The thesis aims to examine the institution of joint patent ownership, with particular attention to the regime applicable in the absence of an agreement between the parties. The analysis will focus specifically on the possibility for each co-owner to exploit the title independently, as well as on the legal implications thereof. To this end, the judgment of the Court of Cassation No. 4131/2025 will be examined in depth, which, in addition to outlining a precise jurisprudential position, offers significant interpretative and critical insights on the subject. The first part will provide a systematic analysis of joint ownership of patents, an institution that in practice is frequently governed by internal agreements between the owners, which are often heterogeneous and non-uniform. This will be followed by an examination of the nature of patents as economic assets and the potential that joint ownership can offer in terms of stimulating innovation and technological progress. Subsequently, the contents of the ruling will be examined in depth, together with the relevant regulatory framework, also considering specific issues emerging from the case analysed, such as joint ownership of the trademark and the European dimension of the patent. In this perspective, previous case law referred to by the Court of Cassation itself, including judgment no. 5281/2000, will also be considered. The investigation will highlight how the regulation of joint patent ownership, both at national and EU level, strikes a precarious balance between two conflicting requirements: on the one hand, the protection of the autonomy of the individual joint owner, as an expression of contractual freedom and a functional tool for the exploitation of the invention; on the other, the safeguarding of a collective and cooperative interest, which the Court of Cassation, in its recent decision of 2025, considered to be paramount. Further importance is attached to the regulatory framework, which, while providing the general guidelines for the institution, often proves to be incomplete and not always suitable for offering consistent solutions to the different situations that arise in practice, generating uncertainty and fragmentation of interpretation, with significant effects also in the field of European patents.
La tesi si propone di esaminare l’istituto della contitolarità del brevetto, con particolare attenzione al regime applicabile in assenza di un accordo tra le parti. L’analisi si concentrerà, in modo specifico, sulla possibilità per ciascun contitolare di procedere a uno sfruttamento autonomo del titolo, nonché sulle implicazioni giuridiche che ne derivano. A tal fine, sarà oggetto di approfondimento la sentenza della Corte di Cassazione n. 4131/2025, la quale, oltre a delineare una precisa posizione giurisprudenziale, offre significativi spunti interpretativi e critici in materia. In una prima parte verrà svolta un’analisi sistematica della contitolarità del brevetto, istituto che nella prassi viene frequentemente disciplinato mediante accordi interni tra i titolari, spesso eterogenei e non uniformi. Seguirà l’esame della natura del brevetto come bene economico e delle potenzialità che la contitolarità può esprimere in termini di stimolo all’innovazione e al progresso tecnologico. Successivamente, saranno approfonditi i contenuti della citata pronuncia, unitamente al quadro normativo di riferimento, prendendo in considerazione anche problematiche specifiche emergenti dal caso analizzato, quali la contitolarità del marchio e la dimensione europea del brevetto. In tale prospettiva, si terrà conto anche di precedenti giurisprudenziali richiamati dalla stessa Cassazione, tra cui la sentenza n. 5281/2000. L’indagine metterà in luce come la disciplina della contitolarità del brevetto, tanto a livello nazionale quanto comunitario, si collochi in un equilibrio precario tra due esigenze contrapposte: da un lato, la tutela dell’autonomia del singolo contitolare, quale espressione della libertà contrattuale e strumento funzionale alla valorizzazione dell’invenzione; dall’altro, la salvaguardia di un interesse collettivo e cooperativo, che la Corte di Cassazione, nella recente decisione del 2025, ha considerato preminente. Ulteriore rilievo assume la cornice normativa, la quale, pur fornendo le linee generali dell’istituto, si rivela spesso incompleta e non sempre idonea a offrire soluzioni coerenti alle differenti situazioni che si presentano nella prassi applicativa, generando incertezza e frammentarietà interpretativa, con effetti rilevanti anche nell’ambito del brevetto europeo.
Il brevetto in contitolarità
MIATELLO, GIULIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The thesis aims to examine the institution of joint patent ownership, with particular attention to the regime applicable in the absence of an agreement between the parties. The analysis will focus specifically on the possibility for each co-owner to exploit the title independently, as well as on the legal implications thereof. To this end, the judgment of the Court of Cassation No. 4131/2025 will be examined in depth, which, in addition to outlining a precise jurisprudential position, offers significant interpretative and critical insights on the subject. The first part will provide a systematic analysis of joint ownership of patents, an institution that in practice is frequently governed by internal agreements between the owners, which are often heterogeneous and non-uniform. This will be followed by an examination of the nature of patents as economic assets and the potential that joint ownership can offer in terms of stimulating innovation and technological progress. Subsequently, the contents of the ruling will be examined in depth, together with the relevant regulatory framework, also considering specific issues emerging from the case analysed, such as joint ownership of the trademark and the European dimension of the patent. In this perspective, previous case law referred to by the Court of Cassation itself, including judgment no. 5281/2000, will also be considered. The investigation will highlight how the regulation of joint patent ownership, both at national and EU level, strikes a precarious balance between two conflicting requirements: on the one hand, the protection of the autonomy of the individual joint owner, as an expression of contractual freedom and a functional tool for the exploitation of the invention; on the other, the safeguarding of a collective and cooperative interest, which the Court of Cassation, in its recent decision of 2025, considered to be paramount. Further importance is attached to the regulatory framework, which, while providing the general guidelines for the institution, often proves to be incomplete and not always suitable for offering consistent solutions to the different situations that arise in practice, generating uncertainty and fragmentation of interpretation, with significant effects also in the field of European patents.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93273