The COVID-19 pandemic posed an unprecedented challenge to democratic systems, forcing them to balance the right to health with constitutionally guaranteed fundamental freedoms. This thesis analyzes the Italian case, focusing on the legal instruments adopted to address the health emergency and their compatibility with constitutional principles. Particular attention is given to the proportionality and legitimacy of restrictive measures—such as lockdowns, the Green Pass, and vaccination mandates—in light of Articles 13, 16, and 32 of the Italian Constitution. The study examines the role of legal sources (the Constitution, law decrees, Prime Ministerial decrees, and regional ordinances) and the tensions between national and regional authorities, as well as the influence of the European and international legal context. Through normative, jurisprudential, and doctrinal analysis, the thesis aims to assess the resilience of the Italian constitutional system during the crisis and to suggest possible improvements for managing future emergencies while respecting fundamental rights.
La pandemia di COVID-19 ha rappresentato una sfida senza precedenti per gli ordinamenti democratici, costretti a bilanciare il diritto alla salute con le libertà fondamentali costituzionalmente garantite. Questo elaborato analizza il caso italiano, focalizzandosi sugli strumenti giuridici adottati per fronteggiare l’emergenza sanitaria e sulla loro compatibilità con i principi costituzionali. L’attenzione è rivolta, in particolare, alla proporzionalità e alla legittimità delle misure restrittive – come lockdown, Green Pass e obblighi vaccinali – alla luce degli articoli 13, 16 e 32 della Costituzione. Viene esaminato il ruolo delle fonti del diritto (Costituzione, decreti-legge, DPCM, ordinanze regionali) e le tensioni emerse nel rapporto tra Stato e Regioni, nonché l’influenza del contesto europeo e internazionale. Attraverso l’analisi normativa, giurisprudenziale e dottrinale, la tesi si propone di valutare la tenuta del sistema costituzionale italiano durante la crisi e di suggerire possibili miglioramenti per affrontare future emergenze nel rispetto dei diritti fondamentali.
Il bilanciamento tra libertà fondamentali e diritto alla salute: la risposta all'emergenza da COVID 19
SCHIAVOLIN, MARIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic posed an unprecedented challenge to democratic systems, forcing them to balance the right to health with constitutionally guaranteed fundamental freedoms. This thesis analyzes the Italian case, focusing on the legal instruments adopted to address the health emergency and their compatibility with constitutional principles. Particular attention is given to the proportionality and legitimacy of restrictive measures—such as lockdowns, the Green Pass, and vaccination mandates—in light of Articles 13, 16, and 32 of the Italian Constitution. The study examines the role of legal sources (the Constitution, law decrees, Prime Ministerial decrees, and regional ordinances) and the tensions between national and regional authorities, as well as the influence of the European and international legal context. Through normative, jurisprudential, and doctrinal analysis, the thesis aims to assess the resilience of the Italian constitutional system during the crisis and to suggest possible improvements for managing future emergencies while respecting fundamental rights.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93307