Background The cochlear implant represents the first artificial sensory organ capable of restoring auditory perception and it’s currently regarded as the gold-standard treatment for severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss unresponsive to conventional hearing aids. Despite its high safety profile and the continuous technological and surgical advances achieved over recent decades, cochlear implantation may still be associated with postoperative complications of varying severity. A thorough understanding of these events is essential to optimize clinical management and minimize patient morbidity. Objective This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the type and incidence of postoperative events in a cohort of patients who underwent cochlear implantation at our center, with the objective of contextualizing the findings within the broader international landscape. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed on 146 cochlear implant procedures carried out at our institution. Patient medical records were examined, and postoperative events were identified through a structured questionnaire. The mean follow-up period was 52,3 months. Events resolved with conservative management were classified as minor, whereas those requiring major surgical revision or resulting in permanent damage were classified as major. Additionally, potential statistically significant correlations among the analyzed variables were investigated. Results Postoperative events of clinical relevance were overall frequent, reflecting the distinctive feature of this study—namely, the inclusion not only of true complications but also of events generally considered expected outcomes. These were nonetheless regarded as clinically meaningful due to their impact on patient well-being and their role as indirect indicators of the adequacy of postoperative care. The most common minor events were pain (both otalgia and discomfort at the magnet site), transient balance disturbances, taste alterations, infections involving the magnet area, and tinnitus. Major complications were infrequent and included device malfunction, the need for major surgical revision, explantation, and reimplantation. Conclusions The present analysis confirms that cochlear implant surgery is a safe and reliable procedure, characterized by a low overall incidence of complications—when excluding pain, fever, and the need for unplanned medical consultations—and predominantly minor in severity. The experience gained at our center supports the effectiveness of the surgical techniques employed and underscores the importance of long-term follow-up to ensure early detection and prevention of late complications.
.Presupposti dello studio L’impianto cocleare è il primo organo di senso artificiale capace di ripristinare la percezione uditiva e rappresenta oggi il gold standard terapeutico per la sordità neurosensoriale grave o profonda che non trova beneficio dal trattamento protesico convenzionale. Nonostante l’elevato livello di sicurezza e i continui progressi tecnologici e chirurgici, la procedura di posizionamento può essere gravata da complicanze postoperatorie di varia entità, la cui conoscenza è essenziale per ottimizzare la gestione clinica e ridurre la morbilità. Scopo dello studio Lo scopo del presente lavoro è analizzare retrospettivamente la tipologia e l’incidenza degli eventi post-operatori in una coorte di pazienti sottoposti a impianto cocleare presso il nostro centro, al fine di collocare i risultati ottenuti all’interno del più ampio panorama internazionale. Materiali e metodi È stata condotta un’analisi retrospettiva su 146 operazioni eseguite presso il nostro centro, esaminando le cartelle cliniche dei pazienti ed intercettando gli eventi postoperatori tramite un questionario strutturato. Il periodo medio di follow-up è di 52,3 mesi. Abbiamo classificato come minori tutti quegli eventi che si sono risolti con trattamento conservativo e come maggiori quelli che hanno richiesto revisione chirurgica maggiore o che hanno comportato un danno permanente. Sono state inoltre valutate eventuali correlazioni significative tra le variabili analizzate. Risultati Gli eventi post-operatori di rilievo sono risultati complessivamente numerosi e questo si deve alla peculiarità del presente studio nell’aver incluso non solo le complicanze in senso stretto, ma anche quegli eventi generalmente considerati come esiti attesi, ritenuti tuttavia clinicamente significativi per il benessere del paziente e indicatori indiretti dell’adeguatezza del percorso di cura post-chirurgico. Tra gli eventi minori più frequenti sono stati rilevati il dolore, i disturbi transitori dell’equilibrio, le alterazioni del gusto, le infezioni dell’area del magnete e l’acufene. Le complicanze maggiori sono risultate poco frequenti e hanno incluso malfunzionamento del dispositivo, necessità di revisione chirurgica maggiore, espianto e reimpianto. Conclusioni L’analisi condotta conferma che la chirurgia dell’impianto cocleare è una procedura sicura e affidabile, con un’incidenza globale di complicanze bassa (non considerando dolore, febbre e la necessità di ricorrere ad un consulto medico non programmato) e prevalentemente di lieve entità. L’esperienza maturata nel nostro centro supporta l’efficacia delle tecniche chirurgiche adottate e sottolinea l’importanza di un follow-up prolungato per il riconoscimento e la prevenzione delle complicanze tardive.
posizionamento di impianto cocleare: uno studio retrospettivo sulle complicanze post-operatorie
DE CONTI, MARTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
Background The cochlear implant represents the first artificial sensory organ capable of restoring auditory perception and it’s currently regarded as the gold-standard treatment for severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss unresponsive to conventional hearing aids. Despite its high safety profile and the continuous technological and surgical advances achieved over recent decades, cochlear implantation may still be associated with postoperative complications of varying severity. A thorough understanding of these events is essential to optimize clinical management and minimize patient morbidity. Objective This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the type and incidence of postoperative events in a cohort of patients who underwent cochlear implantation at our center, with the objective of contextualizing the findings within the broader international landscape. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed on 146 cochlear implant procedures carried out at our institution. Patient medical records were examined, and postoperative events were identified through a structured questionnaire. The mean follow-up period was 52,3 months. Events resolved with conservative management were classified as minor, whereas those requiring major surgical revision or resulting in permanent damage were classified as major. Additionally, potential statistically significant correlations among the analyzed variables were investigated. Results Postoperative events of clinical relevance were overall frequent, reflecting the distinctive feature of this study—namely, the inclusion not only of true complications but also of events generally considered expected outcomes. These were nonetheless regarded as clinically meaningful due to their impact on patient well-being and their role as indirect indicators of the adequacy of postoperative care. The most common minor events were pain (both otalgia and discomfort at the magnet site), transient balance disturbances, taste alterations, infections involving the magnet area, and tinnitus. Major complications were infrequent and included device malfunction, the need for major surgical revision, explantation, and reimplantation. Conclusions The present analysis confirms that cochlear implant surgery is a safe and reliable procedure, characterized by a low overall incidence of complications—when excluding pain, fever, and the need for unplanned medical consultations—and predominantly minor in severity. The experience gained at our center supports the effectiveness of the surgical techniques employed and underscores the importance of long-term follow-up to ensure early detection and prevention of late complications.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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POSIZIONAMENTO DI IMPIANTO COCLEARE-UNO STUDIO RETROSPETTIVO SULLE COMPLICANZE POST-OPERATORIE.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93755