This study analyzes the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the behavior of the Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) in the Paneveggio - Pale di San Martino Natural Park. Through a protocol of capture, marking, and systematic observation, the behavioral responses of six family groups were examined in two areas characterized by different levels of anthropogenic disturbance. The variables analyzed include time budget, distance from the burrow, and time spent inside it, with particular attention to acute responses to disturbing events. Statistical analysis revealed significant behavioral changes in the presence of both anthropogenic (road work site, touristic activities) and natural (presence of predators) disturbance factors, finding an approximately 45% increase in burrow occupancy following the passage of tourists, a 15% reduction in foraging caused by the movement of heavy vehicles and an 850% increase in vigilance following eagle’s overflight. In general, therefore, marmots, if disturbed, tend to increase time spent in the burrow and reduce surface activities, with effects particulary marked immediately after the disturbance event. The study reveal species’ vulnerability in high anthropogenic pressure environments and provide useful insights for wildlife protection and biodiversity conservation in mountain ecosystems through the proper management of touristic activities and planning of the construction of public infrastructures.
La presente ricerca analizza gli effetti del disturbo antropico sul comportamento della marmotta alpina (Marmota marmota) nel Parco Naturale Paneveggio - Pale di San Martino. Attraverso un protocollo di cattura, marcatura e osservazione sistematica, sono state esaminate le risposte comportamentali di sei nuclei familiari in due aree caratterizzate da diverso grado di disturbo di origine antropica. Le variabili analizzate includono il time budget, la distanza dalla tana e il tempo trascorso al suo interno, con particolare attenzione alle risposte acute a eventi di disturbo. L’analisi statistica ha evidenziato variazioni comportamentali significative in presenza di fattori di disturbo sia antropici (cantiere stradale attivo, turismo) sia naturali (presenza di predatori), riscontrando l’incremento dello stazionamento in tana di circa il 45% a seguito del passaggio di turisti, la riduzione del 15% del foraggiamento causato dal movimento di mezzi pesanti e l’aumento dell’850% del tasso di vigilanza successivo al sorvolo dell’aquila. In generale, dunque, le marmotte, se disturbate, tendono ad aumentare il tempo trascorso in tana e a ridurre le attività di superficie, con effetti particolarmente evidenti nel periodo immediatamente successivo al disturbo. Lo studio rivela una vulnerabilità della specie in ambienti ad alta pressione antropica e fornisce indicazioni utili per la protezione faunistica e la conservazione della biodiversità in contesti montani, attraverso la corretta gestione delle attività turistiche e la pianificazione della costruzione di infrastrutture pubbliche.
Analisi degli effetti del disturbo antropico sulla fauna: evidenze nella popolazione di marmotta alpina (Marmota marmota) nel Parco Naturale Paneveggio Pale di san Martino
BURIGO, MATTIA
2024/2025
Abstract
This study analyzes the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the behavior of the Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) in the Paneveggio - Pale di San Martino Natural Park. Through a protocol of capture, marking, and systematic observation, the behavioral responses of six family groups were examined in two areas characterized by different levels of anthropogenic disturbance. The variables analyzed include time budget, distance from the burrow, and time spent inside it, with particular attention to acute responses to disturbing events. Statistical analysis revealed significant behavioral changes in the presence of both anthropogenic (road work site, touristic activities) and natural (presence of predators) disturbance factors, finding an approximately 45% increase in burrow occupancy following the passage of tourists, a 15% reduction in foraging caused by the movement of heavy vehicles and an 850% increase in vigilance following eagle’s overflight. In general, therefore, marmots, if disturbed, tend to increase time spent in the burrow and reduce surface activities, with effects particulary marked immediately after the disturbance event. The study reveal species’ vulnerability in high anthropogenic pressure environments and provide useful insights for wildlife protection and biodiversity conservation in mountain ecosystems through the proper management of touristic activities and planning of the construction of public infrastructures.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Mattia_Burigo.pdf
embargo fino al 07/10/2028
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93981