Trentino is a mountainous area – historically devoted to agriculture – where the territory is particularly specialised in woody crops, as documented by Istat’s General Census of Agriculture in the years 2010 and 2020. The purpose of the following study is to analyse the structural transformations that have occurred during this period in the agricultural sector of this area, with particular reference to these crops and especially to the grapevine and apple. In order to carry out this research, a mixed-method approach was adopted, thus integrating quantitative data – such as statistics and comparative analyses – with qualitative data – including observations and interviews – to obtain a more comprehensive perspective. Moreover, to analyse the changes, such as pivot tables — an essential tool for creating summary tables — and cluster analysis. This technique identified six groups of Trentino municipalities with similar characteristics. These municipalities were visually represented through a dendrogram and a specific map generated using QGIS software. To deepen understanding of these crops, two interviews with local stakeholders involved in the production process of this area, were subsequently conducted. The comparative analysis between the two General Censuses of Agriculture revealed a process of structural concentration, with a reduction in the number of farms and in the utilised agricultural area (UAA). In Trentino, the data differ from the national average, showing a less sharp decrease in UAA, accompanied, however, by significant farm consolidation processes that have led to an increase in the average farm size. Overall, woody crops in the province experienced a slight increase in cultivated area, confirming a trend towards increasingly specialised agriculture. Although undergoing transformation, this area demonstrates resilience and adaptability thanks to the processes of aggregation and innovation. The wine sector shows potential for growth, supported by new plantings and rising interest in mountain viticulture, whereas apple cultivation appears close to saturation, with a probable decline in areas less suitable for mechanisation.
Il Trentino è una zona montuosa storicamente vocata all’agricoltura, il cui territorio è specializzato nelle colture legnose, come testimoniato dai Censimenti Generali dell’Agricoltura 2010 e 2020 condotti dall’ISTAT. La presente indagine ha il fine di analizzare le trasformazioni strutturali avvenute in questo periodo nel settore agricolo trentino, con riferimento a tali coltivazioni ed in particolare alla vite e al melo. Per realizzare questo studio ci si è avvalsi di un metodo misto (mixed method), che integra dati di tipo quantitativo, quali le statistiche ed analisi comparative, e qualitativo, come osservazioni ed interviste per ottenere una visione più completa. Per effettuare le analisi dei cambiamenti si è deciso di utilizzare strumenti statistici quali le tabelle pivot, strumento analitico e di reporting necessario per la costruzione di tabelle riassuntive, e condurre un’analisi cluster. Attraverso questa tecnica esplorativa sono stati individuati sei gruppi di comuni trentini che presentano caratteristiche simili. Tali comuni sono stati rappresentati graficamente tramite dendrogramma e tramite la realizzazione di una cartografia specifica, ottenuta usando il software QGIS. Per avere una visione più approfondita dei settori viticolo e melicolo, sono state poi condotte due interviste in profondità, con due figure chiave, coinvolte nei processi produttivi in oggetto, e attive sul territorio del Trentino. L’analisi comparativa tra i due Censimenti ha evidenziato un processo di concentrazione strutturale con riduzione del numero di aziende e della superficie agraria utile (SAU). In Trentino i dati si discostano dalla media nazionale con una diminuzione meno marcata a livello di SAU ma accompagnata da significativi processi di accorpamento aziendali che hanno determinato un aumento della dimensione media aziendale. Nel complesso, le coltivazioni legnose nel territorio provinciale segnano un leggero incremento della superficie coltivata, confermando una tendenza verso un’agricoltura più specializzata. L’agricoltura trentina, pur in fase di trasformazione, evidenzia resilienza e capacità di adattamento grazie ai processi di aggregazione ed innovazione. Il comparto vitivinicolo dispone di margini di crescita, sostenuti da nuove superfici e dall’interesse per la viticoltura di montagna, mentre la melicoltura appare prossima alla saturazione, con una probabile riduzione delle superfici nelle aree meno meccanizzabili.
Evoluzione delle superfici agricole utilizzate in Trentino (2010 - 2020). Un'analisi delle principali coltivazioni legnose agrarie
BEDOGNI, ANDREA
2024/2025
Abstract
Trentino is a mountainous area – historically devoted to agriculture – where the territory is particularly specialised in woody crops, as documented by Istat’s General Census of Agriculture in the years 2010 and 2020. The purpose of the following study is to analyse the structural transformations that have occurred during this period in the agricultural sector of this area, with particular reference to these crops and especially to the grapevine and apple. In order to carry out this research, a mixed-method approach was adopted, thus integrating quantitative data – such as statistics and comparative analyses – with qualitative data – including observations and interviews – to obtain a more comprehensive perspective. Moreover, to analyse the changes, such as pivot tables — an essential tool for creating summary tables — and cluster analysis. This technique identified six groups of Trentino municipalities with similar characteristics. These municipalities were visually represented through a dendrogram and a specific map generated using QGIS software. To deepen understanding of these crops, two interviews with local stakeholders involved in the production process of this area, were subsequently conducted. The comparative analysis between the two General Censuses of Agriculture revealed a process of structural concentration, with a reduction in the number of farms and in the utilised agricultural area (UAA). In Trentino, the data differ from the national average, showing a less sharp decrease in UAA, accompanied, however, by significant farm consolidation processes that have led to an increase in the average farm size. Overall, woody crops in the province experienced a slight increase in cultivated area, confirming a trend towards increasingly specialised agriculture. Although undergoing transformation, this area demonstrates resilience and adaptability thanks to the processes of aggregation and innovation. The wine sector shows potential for growth, supported by new plantings and rising interest in mountain viticulture, whereas apple cultivation appears close to saturation, with a probable decline in areas less suitable for mechanisation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94302