In January 2025, a Ministerial Ordinance was issued, replacing descriptive judgments with synthetic judgments. Therefore, the debate concerning assessment in Italian primary schools remains central. This paper is divided into three parts: the first one describes the consideration on assessment; the second one investigates effective feedback; the third part presents the empirical research. The aim of the research is to investigate which feedback might be most effective for students to improve their learning, specifically analyzing two levels of feedback: feedback on the task, which means a synthetic judgment on the performance, and feedback on the process, that is a written comment about the process of the authentic task resolution (Hattie & Timperley, 2007). It is hypothesized that students who receive feedback on the process improve their learning more significantly compared to those who receive feedback on the task. Furthermore, the study investigates whether feedback provided by teachers influences students' peer review. The empirical research uses a mixed-method approach and compares the results of the authentic task completed by students prior to receiving teacher feedback with those of the revised authentic task. Instruments used are the assessment rubric, the authentic task and the peer review questionnaire. The research shows that, generally, students who receive process feedback improve more significantly. In the feedback produced by the students, there is no prevalence of the type provided by the teachers; therefore, the feedback proposed by the teachers did not influence the students' own feedback. In conclusion, different types of feedback can influence students' learning differently.
Nel mese di gennaio 2025, è stata emanata un’Ordinanza Ministeriale che sostituisce i giudizi descrittivi con quelli sintetici. Il dibattito sulla valutazione nella scuola primaria italiana, pertanto, rimane centrale. L’elaborato si articola in tre parti: la prima illustra la riflessione sulla valutazione; la seconda indaga il feedback efficace; la terza presenta la ricerca empirica. Lo scopo della ricerca è indagare quali feedback restituire alle/agli alunne/i affinché migliorino l’apprendimento, analizzando nello specifico due livelli di feedback: il feedback sul compito, inteso come giudizio sintetico sulla prestazione, e quello sul processo, ovvero un commento scritto focalizzato sul processo di risoluzione del compito autentico (Hattie & Timperley, 2007). Si ipotizza che gli/le alunni/e che ricevono feedback sul processo migliorano maggiormente l’apprendimento rispetto a coloro che ricevono feedback sul compito. Si prosegue indagando se il feedback fornito dalle insegnanti influenza, nella valutazione tra pari, l’elaborazione dello stesso da parte delle/degli alunne/i. La ricerca empirica utilizza il metodo misto e compara i risultati del compito autentico svolto dagli/dalle alunni/e precedentemente alla restituzione dei feedback delle insegnanti con quelli del compito autentico revisionato. Gli strumenti impiegati sono la rubrica di valutazione, il compito autentico e il questionario per la valutazione tra pari. Dall’indagine emerge che, in generale, gli/le alunni/e che ricevono feedback sul processo migliorano maggiormente. Nei feedback elaborati dalle/dagli alunne/i non si riscontra la prevalenza della tipologia fornita dalle docenti; quindi, i feedback proposti dalle insegnanti non hanno influenzato l’elaborazione di quelli delle/degli alunne/i. In conclusione, differenti tipologie di feedback possono influenzare diversamente l'apprendimento.
Il feedback efficace. Una ricerca empirica in due classi quinte di scuola primaria
LERMA, MARINA
2024/2025
Abstract
In January 2025, a Ministerial Ordinance was issued, replacing descriptive judgments with synthetic judgments. Therefore, the debate concerning assessment in Italian primary schools remains central. This paper is divided into three parts: the first one describes the consideration on assessment; the second one investigates effective feedback; the third part presents the empirical research. The aim of the research is to investigate which feedback might be most effective for students to improve their learning, specifically analyzing two levels of feedback: feedback on the task, which means a synthetic judgment on the performance, and feedback on the process, that is a written comment about the process of the authentic task resolution (Hattie & Timperley, 2007). It is hypothesized that students who receive feedback on the process improve their learning more significantly compared to those who receive feedback on the task. Furthermore, the study investigates whether feedback provided by teachers influences students' peer review. The empirical research uses a mixed-method approach and compares the results of the authentic task completed by students prior to receiving teacher feedback with those of the revised authentic task. Instruments used are the assessment rubric, the authentic task and the peer review questionnaire. The research shows that, generally, students who receive process feedback improve more significantly. In the feedback produced by the students, there is no prevalence of the type provided by the teachers; therefore, the feedback proposed by the teachers did not influence the students' own feedback. In conclusion, different types of feedback can influence students' learning differently.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Lerma_Marina.pdf
Accesso riservato
Dimensione
5.95 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
5.95 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94520