This thesis explores biology education in primary school, proposing the honey bee (Apis mellifera) as a model for investigating the complexity of living beings. The research aimed to examine to what extent a science education program, designed according to a laboratory-based approach and an observational-comparative scientific method, could foster the development of scientific knowledge and skills in students, stimulate interest in science, and provide insights into teachers’ instructional practices. The experimental study involved two groups of first-grade students: an experimental group, guided through exploratory, hands-on, digital, and creative activities, and a control group, exposed to more traditional, transmissive instruction. The curriculum integrated both analog and digital tools (plastic models, biological bee specimens, stereomicroscopes, magnifying glasses, interactive whiteboards, Padlet, Canva, LearningApps, Google Classroom) and included activities such as direct observation, comparative analysis, physical games, dramatizations, and graphic productions. Students in the experimental group demonstrated strong emotional and cognitive engagement: they displayed curiosity, active participation, and interest in peer interaction. The honey bee was recognized not only as an animal, but as a complex living being capable of communicating, working collectively, feeding, and transforming—features that indirectly prompted reflections on themselves. Positive effects were also observed in the family context, and teachers reported openness and interest in laboratory-based practices. The findings confirm the value of a scientific, laboratory-based, and comparative approach for promoting critical and inquisitive thinking from early childhood, as well as fostering a respectful and conscious relationship with the natural world.
Il presente elaborato si inserisce nell’ambito della didattica della biologia alla scuola primaria, proponendo l’ape mellifera (Apis mellifera) come modello per indagare la complessità del vivente. La ricerca ha inteso verificare in che misura un percorso di educazione scientifica, progettato secondo un approccio laboratoriale e un metodo scientifico osservativo-comparativo, possa favorire negli alunni lo sviluppo di conoscenze e competenze scientifiche, stimolare interesse verso la scienza e offrire indicazioni sulle pratiche didattiche dei docenti. L’indagine sperimentale ha coinvolto due gruppi di alunni di classe prima: un gruppo sperimentale, guidato attraverso attività esplorative, pratiche, digitali e creative, e un gruppo di controllo, destinatario di una didattica trasmissiva. Sono stati impiegati strumenti analogici e digitali (modellini in plastica, esemplari biologici di api, stereomicroscopi, lenti d’ingrandimento, LIM, Padlet, Canva, LearningApps, Google Classroom) e proposte attività di osservazione diretta, analisi comparativa, giochi corporei, drammatizzazioni e produzioni grafiche. I risultati evidenziano che gli alunni del gruppo sperimentale hanno ottenuto punteggi più alti nei test di conoscenze, hanno mostrato un miglioramento nelle competenze di osservazione e classificazione e un forte coinvolgimento emotivo e cognitivo, con curiosità, partecipazione attiva e riflessioni personali sul significato di “essere vivente”. È emersa inoltre un’influenza positiva in ambito familiare e gli insegnanti hanno evidenziato apertura e interesse verso pratiche laboratoriali. L’esperienza conferma il valore di un approccio scientifico, comparativo e laboratoriale per promuovere fin dalla prima infanzia pensiero critico, atteggiamenti indagatori e una relazione rispettosa e consapevole con il mondo naturale.
L'ape mellifera un modello di complessità vivente Un approccio osservativo-comparativo per la didattica della biologia alla Scuola Primaria
TOZZATO, NICOLE
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis explores biology education in primary school, proposing the honey bee (Apis mellifera) as a model for investigating the complexity of living beings. The research aimed to examine to what extent a science education program, designed according to a laboratory-based approach and an observational-comparative scientific method, could foster the development of scientific knowledge and skills in students, stimulate interest in science, and provide insights into teachers’ instructional practices. The experimental study involved two groups of first-grade students: an experimental group, guided through exploratory, hands-on, digital, and creative activities, and a control group, exposed to more traditional, transmissive instruction. The curriculum integrated both analog and digital tools (plastic models, biological bee specimens, stereomicroscopes, magnifying glasses, interactive whiteboards, Padlet, Canva, LearningApps, Google Classroom) and included activities such as direct observation, comparative analysis, physical games, dramatizations, and graphic productions. Students in the experimental group demonstrated strong emotional and cognitive engagement: they displayed curiosity, active participation, and interest in peer interaction. The honey bee was recognized not only as an animal, but as a complex living being capable of communicating, working collectively, feeding, and transforming—features that indirectly prompted reflections on themselves. Positive effects were also observed in the family context, and teachers reported openness and interest in laboratory-based practices. The findings confirm the value of a scientific, laboratory-based, and comparative approach for promoting critical and inquisitive thinking from early childhood, as well as fostering a respectful and conscious relationship with the natural world.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94549