The use of positive reinforcement in horse training

The welfare of horses and the safety of riders are central concerns in equestrianism, particularly as traditional training methods often rely on aversive stimuli, resulting in welfare challenges and increased risks to human safety. Recent improvements in equitation science call attention to the importance of applying principles of learning theory, in order to develop ethical and effective horse training practices. This study analyzes the transformative potential of using positive reinforcement in horse training, by examining its role in improving horses’ emotional well-being, behavioral flexibility, and responsiveness while reducing risks associated with aversive contexts, such as stress, conflict behaviors, and learned helplessness. Additionally, the thesis critiques traditional dominance and leadership models, highlighting their limits in interpreting equine behavior, and proposes an holistic approach to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. So that, to illustrate the practical application of positive reinforcement, a case study of one horse was conducted within the thesis.