This thesis aims to analyze the main theoretical models of global justice, with the objective of understanding how they define political and moral obligations beyond the boundaries of the modern state, and how they relate to contemporary international law. The analysis of the principal models of global justice begins with the theoretical debate from which they originated and proceeds to describe the different developed theories, including cosmopolitanism, international contractarianism, communitarianism, and realism. Based on this theoretical framework, the thesis seeks to explore how these models conceive the distribution of justice at the global level, the role of international actors, and the forms of responsibility between states and individuals. The analysis is conducted through a theoretical and comparative approach, highlighting both the convergences and tensions among the various perspectives. In particular, attention is given to the relationship between global justice models and their often conflicting interaction with contemporary international law. The latter is considered both as a normative framework and as an institutional system for regulating global relations. The thesis is structured into four chapters: the first presents the evolution of the global justice debate; the second analyzes the main theoretical models of global justice; the third explores the critical issues, tensions, and internal limits of the models; the fourth examines the relationship between theories of global justice and international law, both from a philosophical perspective and in terms of positive law.
La presente tesi si propone di analizzare i principali modelli teorici di giustizia globale, con l’obiettivo di comprendere come questi definiscono gli obblighi, politici e morali, oltre i confini dello Stato moderno e quale sia il loro rapporto con il diritto internazionale contemporaneo. L’analisi dei principali modelli di giustizia globale parte dal dibattito teorico da cui essi hanno avuto origine, arrivando poi alla descrizione delle diverse teorie sviluppate, tra cui il cosmopolitismo, il contrattualismo internazionale, il comunitarismo e il realismo. Prendendo come base questo quadro teorico, la tesi ha l’obiettivo di approfondire le modalità con cui tali modelli concepiscono la distribuzione della giustizia a livello globale, il ruolo degli attori internazionali e le forme di responsabilità tra Stati e individui. L’analisi si sviluppa tramite un approccio teorico e comparativo, ponendo in rilievo tanto le convergenze quanto le tensioni tra le varie prospettive. In particolare, l’attenzione viene posta sul rapporto tra i modelli di giustizia globale e il loro rapporto, non privo di conflittualità, con il diritto internazionale contemporaneo. Quest’ultimo viene considerato sia complesso normativo che come sistema istituzionale di regolazione delle relazioni globali. La tesi si articola in quattro capitoli: il primo presenta l’evoluzione del dibattito della giustizia globale; il secondo analizza i principali modelli teorici di giustizia globale; il terzo approfondisce le criticità, le tensioni e i limiti interne ai modelli; il quarto esamina il rapporto tra teorie di giustizia globale e diritto internazionale, sia sul piano filosofico sia su quello del diritto positivo.
Modelli di giustizia globale e diritto internazionale
BISCARO, AURORA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyze the main theoretical models of global justice, with the objective of understanding how they define political and moral obligations beyond the boundaries of the modern state, and how they relate to contemporary international law. The analysis of the principal models of global justice begins with the theoretical debate from which they originated and proceeds to describe the different developed theories, including cosmopolitanism, international contractarianism, communitarianism, and realism. Based on this theoretical framework, the thesis seeks to explore how these models conceive the distribution of justice at the global level, the role of international actors, and the forms of responsibility between states and individuals. The analysis is conducted through a theoretical and comparative approach, highlighting both the convergences and tensions among the various perspectives. In particular, attention is given to the relationship between global justice models and their often conflicting interaction with contemporary international law. The latter is considered both as a normative framework and as an institutional system for regulating global relations. The thesis is structured into four chapters: the first presents the evolution of the global justice debate; the second analyzes the main theoretical models of global justice; the third explores the critical issues, tensions, and internal limits of the models; the fourth examines the relationship between theories of global justice and international law, both from a philosophical perspective and in terms of positive law.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/95648