Technological development in recent decades has brought about radical transformations in the public sector, implying the use of tools such as artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public administrations. The recent debate focuses in particular on a sub-category of artificial intelligence, namely generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), capable of autonomously reproducing content. Although it represents a crucial resource and opportunity for the technological advancement of public administrations, many questions remain open as to how this resource can be optimally exploited. Currently, we are in a transitional phase, in which the GenAI represents a new phenomenon that, on the one hand, has already been tested in a few pilot projects, and on the other, is still the protagonist of the Italian, European and international political and regulatory debate. The AI Act is the result of this debate and the result of the need to regulate a phenomenon that has a considerable social, environmental and economic impact. The aim of this paper is to analyse how generative artificial intelligence can be applied in public administration, with particular regard to the case of universities. analysing its advantages, but also the critical issues arising from it. In the first chapter, a review of the scientific literature on the subject will be proposed. Subsequently, the current legislation on GenAI at Italian, European and international level will be analysed, examining the Italian strategy and the approaches used by the main global players such as the United States and China. The third chapter will focus on the analysis of practical cases of the use of GenAI in a specific PA, i.e. Universities, with reference to the case of Lucrez-AI of the University of Padua, and the Personal Digital Tutor of the University of Salerno.
Lo sviluppo tecnologico degli ultimi decenni ha comportato radicali trasformazioni nel settore pubblico, implicando l’utilizzo di strumenti come l’intelligenza artificiale per migliorare l’efficienza e l’efficacia delle pubbliche amministrazioni. Il dibattito recente si focalizza in particolare su una sottocategoria di intelligenza artificiale, ossia l’intelligenza artificiale generativa (GenAI), in grado di riprodurre autonomamente contenuti. Pur rappresentando una risorsa ed un’opportunità cruciale per il progresso tecnologico delle pubbliche amministrazioni, rimangono aperti ancora molti interrogativi di come tale risorsa possa essere valorizzata in modo ottimale. Attualmente, siamo in una fase di transizione, in cui la GenAI rappresenta un fenomeno nuovo che, da un lato, è già stato sperimentato in qualche progetto pilota, dall’altro è ancora il protagonista del dibattito politico e normativo italiano, europeo ed internazionale. L’AI Act è il risultato di tale dibattito e frutto dell’esigenza di normare un fenomeno che comporta un considerevole impatto sociale, ambientale ed economico. Il presente elaborato ha l’obiettivo di analizzare come l’intelligenza artificiale generativa possa essere applicata nella pubblica amministrazione, con particolare riguardo al caso delle Università. analizzandone i vantaggi, ma anche le criticità che ne derivano. Nel primo capitolo sarà proposta una rassegna della letteratura scientifica sull’argomento. Successivamente verrà analizzata la normativa attuale in tema di GenAI a livello italiano, europeo ed internazionale, esaminando la strategia italiana e gli approcci utilizzati dai principali attori globali come Stati Uniti e Cina. Il terzo capitolo si concentrerà sull’analisi di casi pratici di utilizzo di GenAI in una PA specifica, ovvero le Università, con riferimento al caso di Lucrez-AI dell’Università di Padova, e del Personal Digital Tutor dell’Università di Salerno.
L’Intelligenza Artificiale Generativa nella pubblica amministrazione: l’esperienza delle Università.
DROGO, LUCIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Technological development in recent decades has brought about radical transformations in the public sector, implying the use of tools such as artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public administrations. The recent debate focuses in particular on a sub-category of artificial intelligence, namely generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), capable of autonomously reproducing content. Although it represents a crucial resource and opportunity for the technological advancement of public administrations, many questions remain open as to how this resource can be optimally exploited. Currently, we are in a transitional phase, in which the GenAI represents a new phenomenon that, on the one hand, has already been tested in a few pilot projects, and on the other, is still the protagonist of the Italian, European and international political and regulatory debate. The AI Act is the result of this debate and the result of the need to regulate a phenomenon that has a considerable social, environmental and economic impact. The aim of this paper is to analyse how generative artificial intelligence can be applied in public administration, with particular regard to the case of universities. analysing its advantages, but also the critical issues arising from it. In the first chapter, a review of the scientific literature on the subject will be proposed. Subsequently, the current legislation on GenAI at Italian, European and international level will be analysed, examining the Italian strategy and the approaches used by the main global players such as the United States and China. The third chapter will focus on the analysis of practical cases of the use of GenAI in a specific PA, i.e. Universities, with reference to the case of Lucrez-AI of the University of Padua, and the Personal Digital Tutor of the University of Salerno.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/95775