This thesis aims to analyze the metamorphosis of the concept of hell, tracing its evolution from its original religious dimension to its symbolic, political, and interior reinterpretations in the contemporary age. The first part examines the notion of the afterlife in major ancient cultures—Mesopotamian, Greek, and Roman—and its subsequent codification within the Christian tradition through biblical texts, patristic thought, and Dante’s representation. Hell is thus conceived as an eschatological space, a place of damnation, and an instrument of divine justice. The second section addresses, in light of Giovanni Filoramo’s analysis, the process of secularization and the transformation of the sacred in modernity. In this context, hell loses its theological connotations and assumes the form of an existential and social symbol, associated with inner states of anguish, exclusion, and suffering. The third part, based on the work of Emilio Gentile, explores the transposition of the sacred into politics during the twentieth century, analyzing how totalitarian ideologies reinterpreted hell in concrete, earthly terms. Finally, the last section focuses on today’s “hells”: social marginalization, the media’s spectacle of suffering, and psychological distress. Hell thus emerges as a dynamic and persistent category in the understanding of the human condition.
La presente tesi si propone di analizzare la metamorfosi del concetto di inferno, seguendone l’evoluzione dalla dimensione religiosa originaria fino alle sue rielaborazioni simboliche, politiche e interiori in età contemporanea. Nella prima parte si esamina la concezione dell’oltretomba nelle principali culture antiche – mesopotamica, greca e romana – e la sua successiva codificazione nella tradizione cristiana, attraverso le fonti bibliche, la riflessione patristica e la rappresentazione dantesca. L’inferno viene così inteso come spazio escatologico, luogo di dannazione e strumento di giustizia divina. La seconda sezione affronta, alla luce dell’analisi di Giovanni Filoramo, il processo di secolarizzazione e la trasformazione del sacro nella modernità. In questo contesto, l’inferno perde i suoi riferimenti teologici per assumere la forma di simbolo esistenziale e sociale, legato a stati interiori di angoscia, esclusione e sofferenza. La terza parte, basata sugli studi di Emilio Gentile, esplora la trasposizione del sacro in ambito politico nel corso del Novecento, analizzando come le ideologie totalitarie abbiano reinterpretato l’inferno in termini concreti e terrestri. Infine, l’ultima sezione si concentra sugli “inferni” del presente: marginalità sociale, spettacolarizzazione della sofferenza e disagio psichico. L’inferno si configura, così, come categoria dinamica e persistente nella comprensione dell’umano.
Metamorfosi dell’inferno in età contemporanea
INCASTRINI, LAURA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyze the metamorphosis of the concept of hell, tracing its evolution from its original religious dimension to its symbolic, political, and interior reinterpretations in the contemporary age. The first part examines the notion of the afterlife in major ancient cultures—Mesopotamian, Greek, and Roman—and its subsequent codification within the Christian tradition through biblical texts, patristic thought, and Dante’s representation. Hell is thus conceived as an eschatological space, a place of damnation, and an instrument of divine justice. The second section addresses, in light of Giovanni Filoramo’s analysis, the process of secularization and the transformation of the sacred in modernity. In this context, hell loses its theological connotations and assumes the form of an existential and social symbol, associated with inner states of anguish, exclusion, and suffering. The third part, based on the work of Emilio Gentile, explores the transposition of the sacred into politics during the twentieth century, analyzing how totalitarian ideologies reinterpreted hell in concrete, earthly terms. Finally, the last section focuses on today’s “hells”: social marginalization, the media’s spectacle of suffering, and psychological distress. Hell thus emerges as a dynamic and persistent category in the understanding of the human condition.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/95897