This research explores adolescents’ attitudes toward disability and mental disorders, examining the role of psychosocial variables in fostering or hindering inclusion processes. After a theoretical overview of disability and mental disorder models, and of key constructs such as stigma, stereotype, empathy, and prejudice, the study focused on the relationship between school well-being, classroom climate, and quiet quitting, with the aim of understanding how these factors influence the perception of diversity. The empirical investigation was conducted on a sample of about one hundred high school students (aged 16–20), through the administration of a protocol of validated questionnaires assessing psychological well-being, school inclusion, mental health literacy, and attitudes toward peers with disabilities and mental disorders. The results revealed ambivalent attitudes: while students showed openness and sensitivity toward diversity, stereotypes and prejudices persisted, especially in contexts lacking direct contact. Statistical analyses also highlighted significant correlations between general well-being and perceived discrimination, with the latter negatively affecting positive emotions and self-perception in the academic setting. Conversely, peer relationships and school well-being emerged as potential protective factors in enhancing overall well-being. The study confirms the importance of educational interventions aimed at strengthening empathy, prosocial values, and intergroup contact, thereby promoting inclusive school environments and contributing to a more equitable and cohesive society.
La presente ricerca affronta il tema degli atteggiamenti di adolescenti verso la disabilità e i disturbi mentali, indagando il ruolo delle variabili psicosociali nel favorire o ostacolare processi di inclusione. Dopo un inquadramento teorico sui modelli di disabilità e disturbi mentali e sui costrutti di stigma, stereotipo, empatia e pregiudizio, lo studio ha approfondito la relazione tra benessere scolastico, clima di classe e quiet quitting, con l’obiettivo di comprendere come questi fattori incidano sulla percezione della diversità. L’indagine empirica è stata condotta su un campione di circa cento studenti e studentesse delle scuole secondarie di secondo grado (16-20 anni), attraverso la somministrazione di un protocollo di questionari validati, tra cui strumenti relativi a benessere psicologico, inclusione scolastica, mental health literacy e atteggiamenti verso coetanei con disabilità e disturbi mentali. I risultati hanno evidenziato atteggiamenti ambivalenti: se da un lato i giovani mostrano sensibilità e apertura verso la diversità, dall’altro permangono stereotipi e pregiudizi, soprattutto nei contesti di scarsa conoscenza diretta. Analisi statistiche hanno inoltre mostrato correlazioni significative tra benessere generale e percezione di discriminazione, con effetti negativi di quest’ultima su emozioni positive e sulla percezione di sé in ambito accademico. Parallelamente, fattori come le relazioni con i compagni e il benessere a scuola potrebbero favorire la percezione di benessere generale. Lo studio conferma la rilevanza di interventi educativi capaci di rafforzare l’empatia, i valori prosociali e le esperienze di contatto intergruppi, favorendo ambienti scolastici inclusivi e una società maggiormente equa e solidale.
Inclusione e Pregiudizio: Un’Indagine sugli Atteggiamenti di Studenti e Studentesse delle Scuole Superiori Verso la Disabilità
BOCCHI, SIMONE
2024/2025
Abstract
This research explores adolescents’ attitudes toward disability and mental disorders, examining the role of psychosocial variables in fostering or hindering inclusion processes. After a theoretical overview of disability and mental disorder models, and of key constructs such as stigma, stereotype, empathy, and prejudice, the study focused on the relationship between school well-being, classroom climate, and quiet quitting, with the aim of understanding how these factors influence the perception of diversity. The empirical investigation was conducted on a sample of about one hundred high school students (aged 16–20), through the administration of a protocol of validated questionnaires assessing psychological well-being, school inclusion, mental health literacy, and attitudes toward peers with disabilities and mental disorders. The results revealed ambivalent attitudes: while students showed openness and sensitivity toward diversity, stereotypes and prejudices persisted, especially in contexts lacking direct contact. Statistical analyses also highlighted significant correlations between general well-being and perceived discrimination, with the latter negatively affecting positive emotions and self-perception in the academic setting. Conversely, peer relationships and school well-being emerged as potential protective factors in enhancing overall well-being. The study confirms the importance of educational interventions aimed at strengthening empathy, prosocial values, and intergroup contact, thereby promoting inclusive school environments and contributing to a more equitable and cohesive society.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96234