This thesis is based on an experimental study designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a proprioceptive exercise program—referred to as “osteopathic” exercises—targeting the peroneal and posterior tibial muscles for the functional re-education of gait cycle mechanics and the structural correction of the plantar arch in older adults. The work also emphasizes the importance of an integrated multidisciplinary approach between the professional figures of the kinesiologist and the osteopath. Their joint intervention extends beyond traditional manual techniques to include specific motor re-education protocols aimed at improving lower-limb functionality. The study was conducted in collaboration with the Fisiotonica gym in Portogruaro (Venice, Italy) and its director, Dr. Antonia Merola. The research involved two groups of physically active participants aged 60 to 80 years, all without disabling conditions: an experimental group and a control group. At the beginning of the study, both groups underwent clinical and instrumental assessments, including the single-leg stance test and baropodometric insole measurements. Tests were carried out at two time points (T0 and T1), approximately four weeks apart. In the experimental group, the results of the initial single-leg test guided the individualization of the exercise protocol: participants showing a tendency toward pronation performed exercises targeting the posterior tibial muscle, while those with a tendency toward supination performed exercises for the peroneal muscles. During the four-week intervention period between T0 and T1, participants in the experimental group performed the assigned exercises under supervision while maintaining their usual training routine, whereas the control group continued their regular gym training without specific proprioceptive exercises. The final evaluation (T1) showed positive results in the experimental group, confirming the effectiveness of proprioceptive exercises for functional re-education of the gait cycle and the plantar structure. In contrast, the control group did not show significant improvements in the analyzed variables, and one participant even exhibited a slight decline. In conclusion, this study supports the implementation of specific proprioceptive exercise programs in older adults as an effective strategy for maintaining and improving lower-limb functionality, highlighting the added value of a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach between different health and movement professionals.
La presente tesi si basa su uno studio sperimentale volto a dimostrare l’efficacia di un programma di esercizi propriocettivi, che saranno definiti “osteopatici”, mirati ai muscoli peronieri e tibiali posteriori nella rieducazione funzionale del ciclo del passo e della struttura dell’arco plantare in soggetti anziani. Questa tesi vuole anche sottolineare l’importanza di un approccio multidisciplinare integrato tra le figure professionali del Chinesiologo e dell’Osteopata, il cui intervento si estende oltre alle tecniche manipolative tradizionali, includendo protocolli di rieducazione motoria specifica. Lo studio è stato eseguito in collaborazione con la palestra Fisiotonica di Portogruaro (Ve) ed il suo titolare, Dott. Antonia Merola. La ricerca ha coinvolto due gruppi di partecipanti di età compresa tra i 60 e gli 80 anni, fisicamente attivi e privi di patologie invalidanti: un gruppo sperimentale ed un gruppo di controllo. All’inizio dello studio ad entrambi i gruppi sono stati somministrati dei test di valutazione, sia di tipo clinico, quale il test monopodalico, sia di tipo strumentale, con l’utilizzo di solette baropodometriche. I test sono stati effettuati in due tempi (T0; T1) a distanza di circa 4 settimane l’uno dall’altro. Nel gruppo sperimentale, i risultati del test monopodalico hanno orientato la personalizzazione del protocollo: nel caso di tendenza alla pronazione sarebbe stato somministrato l’esercizio per il tibiale posteriore; nel caso di tendenza alla supinazione sarebbe stato somministrato l’esercizio per i peronieri. Durante le 4 settimane intercorse tra la valutazione a T0 e quella a T1, i partecipanti del gruppo sperimentale hanno eseguito gli esercizi assegnati sotto supervisione, mantenendo anche il proprio allenamento abituale, mentre i soggetti del gruppo di controllo hanno continuato a svolgere il loro abituale allenamento in palestra, privo di esercizi propriocettivi specifici. I risultati della valutazione finale (T1) sono stati positivi nel gruppo sperimentale, dimostrando quindi l’efficacia degli esercizi propriocettivi per la rieducazione funzionale del ciclo del passo e della struttura podalica. Al contrario, il gruppo di controllo non ha mostrato cambiamenti evidenti nelle variabili analizzate; anzi, in un caso vi è stato addirittura un peggioramento. In conclusione, lo studio supporta l’implementazione di programmi di esercizio propriocettivo specifici nella popolazione anziana come strategia efficace per il mantenimento ed il miglioramento della funzionalità degli arti inferiori, sottolineando il valore aggiunto di un approccio collaborativo tra diverse professionalità.
Esercizio propriocettivo per la rieducazione funzionale dei muscoli peronieri e tibiali posteriori nel soggetto anziano
BRUGNEROTTO, ERIKA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis is based on an experimental study designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a proprioceptive exercise program—referred to as “osteopathic” exercises—targeting the peroneal and posterior tibial muscles for the functional re-education of gait cycle mechanics and the structural correction of the plantar arch in older adults. The work also emphasizes the importance of an integrated multidisciplinary approach between the professional figures of the kinesiologist and the osteopath. Their joint intervention extends beyond traditional manual techniques to include specific motor re-education protocols aimed at improving lower-limb functionality. The study was conducted in collaboration with the Fisiotonica gym in Portogruaro (Venice, Italy) and its director, Dr. Antonia Merola. The research involved two groups of physically active participants aged 60 to 80 years, all without disabling conditions: an experimental group and a control group. At the beginning of the study, both groups underwent clinical and instrumental assessments, including the single-leg stance test and baropodometric insole measurements. Tests were carried out at two time points (T0 and T1), approximately four weeks apart. In the experimental group, the results of the initial single-leg test guided the individualization of the exercise protocol: participants showing a tendency toward pronation performed exercises targeting the posterior tibial muscle, while those with a tendency toward supination performed exercises for the peroneal muscles. During the four-week intervention period between T0 and T1, participants in the experimental group performed the assigned exercises under supervision while maintaining their usual training routine, whereas the control group continued their regular gym training without specific proprioceptive exercises. The final evaluation (T1) showed positive results in the experimental group, confirming the effectiveness of proprioceptive exercises for functional re-education of the gait cycle and the plantar structure. In contrast, the control group did not show significant improvements in the analyzed variables, and one participant even exhibited a slight decline. In conclusion, this study supports the implementation of specific proprioceptive exercise programs in older adults as an effective strategy for maintaining and improving lower-limb functionality, highlighting the added value of a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach between different health and movement professionals.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96373