The legal qualification of online marketplaces determines the applicability of civil liability rules. As data hosts, these platforms benefit from a limited liability regime: they cannot be held responsible for the content they store, provided they maintain a neutral role in facilitating connections and the conclusion of contracts. This status often allows them to avoid liability, even when their users are involved in the sale of counterfeit or defective products. However, in light of the spirit of the centuries, shaped by the enduring principles of special contract law, a different interpretation emerges. Requalifying the contractual relationship between the platform and its users as one of brokerage, mandate, or service provision—in the spirit of Directive (EU) 2024/2853 on liability for defective products—would allow for the application of a more coherent liability regime, better suited to the actual role these platforms play in the digital economy.
La qualification des places de marché en ligne conditionne la mise en œuvre des règles relatives à la responsabilité civile. En effet, en tant qu’hébergeurs de données, elles bénéficient d’un régime de responsabilité limitée : elles ne sauraient être tenues responsables des contenus qu’elles stockent, dès lors qu’elles conservent un rôle neutre dans la mise en relation et la conclusion des contrats. Ce statut leur permet bien souvent d’éluder toute responsabilité, même lorsque leurs utilisateurs sont impliqués, notamment, dans la commercialisation de produits contrefaits ou défectueux. Pourtant, à la lumière de l’esprit des siècles, nourri des principes issus du droit des contrats spéciaux, une autre lecture s’impose. La requalification de la relation contractuelle liant la plateforme à ses utilisateurs en contrat de courtage, de mandat ou de prestation de services, dans l’esprit de la directive (UE) 2024/2853 relative à la responsabilité du fait des produits défectueux, permettrait l’application d’un régime de responsabilité plus cohérent et mieux adapté à la réalité de leur intervention dans l’économie numérique.
La qualification des places de marché en ligne: enjeux en responsabilité civile
QUENIAT TOMBOLINI, MATTIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The legal qualification of online marketplaces determines the applicability of civil liability rules. As data hosts, these platforms benefit from a limited liability regime: they cannot be held responsible for the content they store, provided they maintain a neutral role in facilitating connections and the conclusion of contracts. This status often allows them to avoid liability, even when their users are involved in the sale of counterfeit or defective products. However, in light of the spirit of the centuries, shaped by the enduring principles of special contract law, a different interpretation emerges. Requalifying the contractual relationship between the platform and its users as one of brokerage, mandate, or service provision—in the spirit of Directive (EU) 2024/2853 on liability for defective products—would allow for the application of a more coherent liability regime, better suited to the actual role these platforms play in the digital economy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96569