Background The Hospital Discharge Form (Scheda di Dimissione Ospedaliera, SDO) is a mandatory medical and administrative document used in Italy to systematically record all information related to a hospital admission. The SDO data flow involves the transmission of information from healthcare facilities affiliated with the National Health Service (SSN) to the regional authorities, ultimately converging at the Ministry of Health. The resulting database is accessible for research purposes, as it allows for the analysis of aggregated data. Objective This study focuses on the period 2018–2021 and aims to investigate, at the national level, the number of individuals with a primary diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury who were not admitted to a Spinal Unit (hospitalization code 28), but instead received other types of rehabilitative care. For this population, the following variables were analyzed: age, sex, length of hospital stay, admitting and discharging departments, and discharge modality. Methods The study involved the analysis of Hospital Discharge Forms (SDO). Through identification by primary diagnosis code, a total of 4,358 first hospitalizations were identified and analyzed during the specified years. The patient population consisted of 2,451 males with a mean age of 57.14 years (SD = 21.75) and 1,907 females with a mean age of 60.59 years (SD = 22.03), consistent with findings reported in the literature. The corresponding length of stay showed a mean of 46.51 days (SD = 56.51) for males and 43.49 days (SD = 41.02) for females, which is shorter than the length of stay observed in Spinal Units during the same period (Artuso P., 2023). It was found that 3,441 patients (78.96%) were admitted to and discharged from intensive rehabilitation units (code 56), 778 patients (17.85%) from highly specialized rehabilitation units (code 75), and 115 patients (2.64%) from extensive rehabilitation/long-term care units (code 60). Finally, it was observed that, at discharge, 14.1% of patients were transferred to another rehabilitation ward, indicating that the rehabilitative process initiated during the first hospitalization was not completed. Conclusions The extracted data and statistical analyses provide a detailed picture of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury who underwent rehabilitation outside of the recommended gold-standard care pathway. The study raises critical reflections on the quality and structure of care provided and highlights the potential benefits of implementing the updated HDR-R system and establishing a national registry for spinal cord injuries, which is already mandated by Italian legislation.
Background La Scheda di Dimissione Ospedaliera (SDO) è un documento sanitario e amministrativo obbligatorio, utilizzato in Italia per registrare in modo standardizzato tutte le informazioni relative a un ricovero ospedaliero. Il flusso SDO prevede l’invio delle informazioni dalle strutture di ricovero afferenti al SSN alle Regioni per poi confluire al Ministero della Salute; l’archivio può essere consultato ai fini della ricerca in quanto è possibile l’analisi dei dati aggregati. Obiettivo Il presente studio si focalizza negli anni 2018-2021 e mira ad indagare, nel territorio nazionale, quante persone con patologia principale corrispondente ad una lesione midollare di natura traumatica non sono state prese in carico da un’Unità Spinale (codice di ricovero 28), ma abbiano invece avuto accesso a ricoveri riabilitativi di altra tipologia. Di questa popolazione, ne è stata indagata l’età, il genere, la durata del ricovero, il reparto di ammissione e dimissione, oltre che la modalità di dimissione. Studio Lo studio ha previsto l’analisi delle Schede di Dimissione Ospedaliera: tramite identificazione per codice di patologia principale, sono stati individuati e analizzati 4.358 primi ricoveri negli anni indicati. E’ emerso che i pazienti si distribuiscono come 2.451 maschi con età media di 57,14 anni (DS=21,75) e 1.907 femmine con età media di 60,59 anni (DS=22,03), dati che si allineano a quelli presenti in letteratura. I relativi giorni di degenza seguono una media di 46,51 giorni (DS=56,51) per i maschi e 43,49 (DS=41,02) per le femmine, riportando una durata del ricovero inferiore rispetto ai ricoveri nelle Unità Spinali negli stessi anni (Artuso P., 2023). E’ stato rilevato che 3.441 pazienti (78,96%) sono stati ammessi e successivamente dimessi da reparti di riabilitazione intensiva (codice 56), mentre 778 pazienti (17,85%) sono stati accolti da reparti di riabilitazione ad alta specializzazione (codice 75), e 115 pazienti (2,64%) da reparti di riabilitazione estensiva/lungodegenze (codice 60). Infine, è stato osservato che, alla dimissione, il 14,1% dei pazienti dello studio sono stati trasferiti presso un altro reparto di riabilitazione, senza quindi completare il percorso riabilitativo impostato e intrapreso durante il primo ricovero. Conclusioni I dati estratti e le successive analisi statistiche hanno permesso di fornire un quadro accurato di alcune caratteristiche riguardo le persone che hanno svolto un percorso riabilitativo non corrispondente al gold standard previsto per la lesione midollare. Lo studio propone elementi di riflessione sul percorso offerto a questi pazienti e ai benefici che i futuri studi trarrebbero dall’adozione della nuova SDO-R e del registro nazionale delle lesioni midollari, peraltro già previsto dalla normativa italiana.
LA PRESA IN CARICO RIABILITATIVA DELLA PERSONA CON LESIONE MIDOLLARE IN ITALIA TRA IL 2018-2021: STUDIO DELLE DISPERSIONI
DAL TOSO, VALENTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
Background The Hospital Discharge Form (Scheda di Dimissione Ospedaliera, SDO) is a mandatory medical and administrative document used in Italy to systematically record all information related to a hospital admission. The SDO data flow involves the transmission of information from healthcare facilities affiliated with the National Health Service (SSN) to the regional authorities, ultimately converging at the Ministry of Health. The resulting database is accessible for research purposes, as it allows for the analysis of aggregated data. Objective This study focuses on the period 2018–2021 and aims to investigate, at the national level, the number of individuals with a primary diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury who were not admitted to a Spinal Unit (hospitalization code 28), but instead received other types of rehabilitative care. For this population, the following variables were analyzed: age, sex, length of hospital stay, admitting and discharging departments, and discharge modality. Methods The study involved the analysis of Hospital Discharge Forms (SDO). Through identification by primary diagnosis code, a total of 4,358 first hospitalizations were identified and analyzed during the specified years. The patient population consisted of 2,451 males with a mean age of 57.14 years (SD = 21.75) and 1,907 females with a mean age of 60.59 years (SD = 22.03), consistent with findings reported in the literature. The corresponding length of stay showed a mean of 46.51 days (SD = 56.51) for males and 43.49 days (SD = 41.02) for females, which is shorter than the length of stay observed in Spinal Units during the same period (Artuso P., 2023). It was found that 3,441 patients (78.96%) were admitted to and discharged from intensive rehabilitation units (code 56), 778 patients (17.85%) from highly specialized rehabilitation units (code 75), and 115 patients (2.64%) from extensive rehabilitation/long-term care units (code 60). Finally, it was observed that, at discharge, 14.1% of patients were transferred to another rehabilitation ward, indicating that the rehabilitative process initiated during the first hospitalization was not completed. Conclusions The extracted data and statistical analyses provide a detailed picture of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury who underwent rehabilitation outside of the recommended gold-standard care pathway. The study raises critical reflections on the quality and structure of care provided and highlights the potential benefits of implementing the updated HDR-R system and establishing a national registry for spinal cord injuries, which is already mandated by Italian legislation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96588