Brachytherapy is an internal radiotherapy technique that involves inserting radioactive sources directly into or near the tumor. This approach allows for the targeted administration of high doses of radiation, reducing exposure to healthy tissue and improving therapeutic efficacy. The sources, generally encapsulated isotopes, can be positioned temporarily or permanently, depending on the type of tumor and the treatment modality: endocavitary (in natural cavities), interstitial (in the tumor tissue), or contact (on the surface). Brachytherapy is also characterized by its dose rate: LDR (Low Dose Rate), HDR (High Dose Rate), and MDR (Medium Dose Rate), with intensity expressed in Grays/hour. It is indicated for gynecological, prostate, breast, and head and neck tumors, offering excellent clinical results with minimal side effects. Post-loading devices, known as "after-loaders," are essential for the safety and precision of the treatment. These robotic systems allow the radioactive sources to be automatically inserted into applicators already positioned in the patient. The inert, customized applicators guide the source into the correct position, reducing the risk of exposure to healthcare professionals and allowing for more flexible planning. Post-loading improves treatment quality, ensuring the sources are active only for the necessary time. This system represents a technological advancement that has made brachytherapy safer, more effective, and more adaptable to individual clinical needs.
La brachiterapia è una tecnica di radioterapia interna che consiste nell’inserimento di sorgenti radioattive direttamente nel tumore o nelle sue vicinanze. Questo approccio consente di somministrare dosi elevate di radiazioni in modo mirato, riducendo l’esposizione dei tessuti sani e migliorando l’efficacia terapeutica. Le sorgenti, generalmente isotopi incapsulati, possono essere posizionate temporaneamente o permanentemente, a seconda del tipo di tumore e della modalità di trattamento: endocavitaria (in cavità naturali), interstiziale (nel tessuto tumorale) o da contatto (sulla superficie). La brachiterapia si distingue anche per il rateo di dose: LDR (Low Dose Rate), HDR (High Dose Rate) e MDR (Medium Dose Rate), con intensità espressa in Gray/ora. È indicata per tumori ginecologici, prostatici, mammari e del distretto testa-collo, offrendo ottimi risultati clinici con minimi effetti collaterali. Fondamentali per la sicurezza e la precisione del trattamento sono i dispositivi di post caricamento, detti “after-loader”. Questi sistemi robotizzati permettono di inserire automaticamente le sorgenti radioattive negli applicatori già posizionati nel paziente. Gli applicatori, inerti e personalizzati, guidano la sorgente nella posizione corretta, riducendo il rischio di esposizione per il personale sanitario e consentendo una pianificazione più flessibile. Il post caricamento migliora la qualità del trattamento, garantendo che le sorgenti siano attive solo per il tempo necessario. Questo sistema rappresenta un’evoluzione tecnologica che ha reso la brachiterapia più sicura, efficace e adattabile alle esigenze cliniche individuali.
SVILUPPO DI UNA PROCEDURA OPERATIVA IN SEGUITO ALL'INSTALLAZIONE DEL NUOVO SISTEMA DI BRACHITERAPIA NELL'U.O. DI RADIOTERAPIA ONCOLOGICA DELL'OSPEDALE CA' FONCELLO DI TREVISO
CASELLATO, ANDREA
2024/2025
Abstract
Brachytherapy is an internal radiotherapy technique that involves inserting radioactive sources directly into or near the tumor. This approach allows for the targeted administration of high doses of radiation, reducing exposure to healthy tissue and improving therapeutic efficacy. The sources, generally encapsulated isotopes, can be positioned temporarily or permanently, depending on the type of tumor and the treatment modality: endocavitary (in natural cavities), interstitial (in the tumor tissue), or contact (on the surface). Brachytherapy is also characterized by its dose rate: LDR (Low Dose Rate), HDR (High Dose Rate), and MDR (Medium Dose Rate), with intensity expressed in Grays/hour. It is indicated for gynecological, prostate, breast, and head and neck tumors, offering excellent clinical results with minimal side effects. Post-loading devices, known as "after-loaders," are essential for the safety and precision of the treatment. These robotic systems allow the radioactive sources to be automatically inserted into applicators already positioned in the patient. The inert, customized applicators guide the source into the correct position, reducing the risk of exposure to healthcare professionals and allowing for more flexible planning. Post-loading improves treatment quality, ensuring the sources are active only for the necessary time. This system represents a technological advancement that has made brachytherapy safer, more effective, and more adaptable to individual clinical needs.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96934