This thesis aims to analyse the main aspects related to evidence generated by artificial intelligence within criminal proceedings, along with the associated critical issues. The first part provides a general overview of digital evidence, highlighting its fundamental features, and then focuses on automatically generated evidence produced by AI systems, considered a species of digital evidence. It also outlines the distinction between this form of evidence and "traditional" digital evidence, followed by the definition of a basic informational framework on artificial intelligence, useful for understanding its operational mechanisms and assessing its impact on the formation of evidence. The second part is devoted to the analysis of the main problematic profiles that automatically generated evidence raises in the criminal trial, with particular attention to the accuracy of the data produced, the issue of technological opacity, the transparency of systems, and compatibility with the principle of a fair trial, also in light of Article 6 of the ECHR. The thesis concludes with a reflection on the admissibility of AI generated evidence in criminal proceedings and its compliance with the fundamental principles of criminal procedural law, in light of the issues discussed.
La presente tesi si propone di analizzare gli aspetti principali relativi la prova generata dall’intelligenza artificiale all’interno del processo penale e le sue correlate criticità. Nella prima parte viene fornito un inquadramento generale della prova digitale, mettendone in luce le caratteristiche fondamentali, per poi focalizzarsi sulla prova generata automaticamente da sistemi di intelligenza artificiale, considerata come una species della prova digitale. Viene inoltre evidenziata la distinzione tra tale forma di prova e la prova digitale “tradizionale”, seguita dalla definizione di una cornice informativa essenziale sull’intelligenza artificiale, utile a comprenderne i meccanismi di funzionamento e valutare l’impatto sulla formazione della prova. Nella seconda parte, ampio spazio è riservato all’analisi dei principali profili problematici che la prova generata automaticamente solleva in ambito processuale, con particolare attenzione all’accuratezza del dato prodotto, al tema dell’opacità tecnologica, alla trasparenza dei sistemi e alla compatibilità con il principio del giusto processo, anche alla luce dell’art. 6 CEDU. La tesi si conclude con una riflessione sull’ammissibilità della prova generata dall’intelligenza artificiale nel processo penale e sulla sua conformità ai principi fondamentali del diritto processuale, alla luce delle problematiche emerse.
La prova generata dall'intelligenza artificiale nel processo penale
BRACCO, SOFIA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyse the main aspects related to evidence generated by artificial intelligence within criminal proceedings, along with the associated critical issues. The first part provides a general overview of digital evidence, highlighting its fundamental features, and then focuses on automatically generated evidence produced by AI systems, considered a species of digital evidence. It also outlines the distinction between this form of evidence and "traditional" digital evidence, followed by the definition of a basic informational framework on artificial intelligence, useful for understanding its operational mechanisms and assessing its impact on the formation of evidence. The second part is devoted to the analysis of the main problematic profiles that automatically generated evidence raises in the criminal trial, with particular attention to the accuracy of the data produced, the issue of technological opacity, the transparency of systems, and compatibility with the principle of a fair trial, also in light of Article 6 of the ECHR. The thesis concludes with a reflection on the admissibility of AI generated evidence in criminal proceedings and its compliance with the fundamental principles of criminal procedural law, in light of the issues discussed.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96971