Background: Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common forms of dementia, causing a progressive decline in cognitive and functional abilities, with a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. In hospital settings, especially in acute care units, hospitalization can worsen disorientation and behavioral disturbances due to the unfamiliar environment and medical procedures. In this context, nurses play a fundamental role, not only in clinical management but also in understanding the patient’s history and habits, promoting an integrated and person-centered approach to care. Objectives: This thesis aims to analyze the role of nurses in the comprehensive management of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, highlight the importance of caregiver involvement, identify effective communication strategies, and show how collaboration among healthcare professionals can improve the quality of care. Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar. Studies addressing disease stages, diagnosis, therapeutic approaches, the impact of Alzheimer’s on patients and families, ethical considerations, and best practices in hospital care were included. Results: The findings indicate that personalized care, tailored to the stage of the disease and the patient’s remaining abilities, reduces the risk of complications and improves the hospitalization experience. Clear and empathetic communication with patients, along with active caregiver involvement, helps create a safer and more reassuring environment. Collaboration among healthcare professionals, combined with targeted interventions that respect patient dignity, is essential for delivering high-quality care. Conclusions: The review highlights that caring for hospitalized patients with Alzheimer’s disease requires a delicate balance between clinical competence and human sensitivity. Nurses, through observation, empathy, and coordination skills, can provide care that respects the whole person, enhancing patient well-being and supporting families throughout the disease trajectory. Keywords: “Alzheimer’s disease stages,” “Alzheimer’s diagnosis,” “Impact of Alzheimer’s on patients and families,” “Ethical considerations in dementia care.”
Background: Il morbo di Alzheimer è oggi una delle forme di demenza più diffuse e comporta un progressivo deterioramento delle capacità cognitive e funzionali, con un forte impatto sulla qualità di vita del paziente e della sua famiglia. In contesto ospedaliero, soprattutto nei reparti per acuti, il ricovero può accentuare il disorientamento e i disturbi comportamentali a causa dell’ambiente nuovo e delle procedure sanitarie. In questo scenario, l’infermiere riveste un ruolo fondamentale, non solo nella gestione clinica, ma anche nella conoscenza della storia e delle abitudini del paziente, promuovendo un approccio integrato e umano alla cura. Obiettivi: Questa tesi si propone di analizzare il ruolo dell’infermiere nella gestione glo-bale del paziente con morbo di Alzheimer, sottolineare l’importanza del coinvolgimento del caregiver, individuare strategie comunicative efficaci e evidenziare come la collabora-zione tra diverse figure professionali possa migliorare la qualità dell’assistenza. Metodi: La ricerca bibliografica è stata condotta su PubMed, Google e Google Scholar. Sono stati inclusi studi che trattano gli stadi della malattia, la diagnosi, gli approcci terapeutici, l’impatto dell’Alzheimer su pazienti e familiari, le considerazioni etiche e le buone pratiche assistenziali in ambito ospedaliero. Risultati: I dati raccolti evidenziano come un’assistenza personalizzata, calibrata sulla fase di malattia e sulle capacità residue del paziente, riduca il rischio di complicanze e migliori l’esperienza di ricovero. Una comunicazione chiara ed empatica con il paziente, insieme al coinvolgimento attivo del caregiver, contribuisce a creare un ambiente più sicuro e rassicurante. La collaborazione tra professionisti sanitari, unita a interventi mirati e rispettosi della dignità della perso-na, si conferma fondamentale per garantire un’assistenza di qualità. Conclusioni: Dalla revisione emerge che prendersi cura del paziente con Alzheimer in ospedale richiede un delicato equilibrio tra competenza clinica e sensibilità umana. L’infermiere, grazie a osservazione, empatia e capacità di coordinamento, può offrire cure che rispettino la persona nella sua totalità, migliorando il benessere del paziente e supportando la famiglia lungo l’intero percorso di malattia. Keywords: “Stadi della malattia di Alzheimer”, “Diagnosi Alzheimer”, “Impatto dell’Alzheimer su paziente e familiari”, “Considerazioni etiche demenza Alzheimer”.
LA GESTIONE DEL MORBO DI ALZHEIMER IN OSPEDALE: APPROCCI TERAPEUTICI, ASSISTENZA INFERMIERISTICA E RUOLO DEL CAREGIVER. REVISIONE DELLA LETTERATURA
BALLARIN, ALESSIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common forms of dementia, causing a progressive decline in cognitive and functional abilities, with a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. In hospital settings, especially in acute care units, hospitalization can worsen disorientation and behavioral disturbances due to the unfamiliar environment and medical procedures. In this context, nurses play a fundamental role, not only in clinical management but also in understanding the patient’s history and habits, promoting an integrated and person-centered approach to care. Objectives: This thesis aims to analyze the role of nurses in the comprehensive management of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, highlight the importance of caregiver involvement, identify effective communication strategies, and show how collaboration among healthcare professionals can improve the quality of care. Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar. Studies addressing disease stages, diagnosis, therapeutic approaches, the impact of Alzheimer’s on patients and families, ethical considerations, and best practices in hospital care were included. Results: The findings indicate that personalized care, tailored to the stage of the disease and the patient’s remaining abilities, reduces the risk of complications and improves the hospitalization experience. Clear and empathetic communication with patients, along with active caregiver involvement, helps create a safer and more reassuring environment. Collaboration among healthcare professionals, combined with targeted interventions that respect patient dignity, is essential for delivering high-quality care. Conclusions: The review highlights that caring for hospitalized patients with Alzheimer’s disease requires a delicate balance between clinical competence and human sensitivity. Nurses, through observation, empathy, and coordination skills, can provide care that respects the whole person, enhancing patient well-being and supporting families throughout the disease trajectory. Keywords: “Alzheimer’s disease stages,” “Alzheimer’s diagnosis,” “Impact of Alzheimer’s on patients and families,” “Ethical considerations in dementia care.”| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97257