Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) necessitates a complex pre-treatment evaluation for patients, which is essential to determine their physical fitness and residual liver function through the assignment of crucial diagnostic scores, such as the Liver Frailty Index (LFI), the degree of fibrosis, and hepatic steatosis, among others. Although the clinical observation and data collection required for these scores are daily practices intrinsic to the nursing role, the formal act of reporting or final score attribution currently remains an exclusive medical competence. This study, through a systematic literature review and an observational traineeship, aims to investigate the concrete professional feasibility and analyze the bureaucratic implications relating to a potential expansion of the nursing role. The goal is for the nurse to assume responsibility for the preliminary detection and attribution of these scores in HCC patients, ultimately optimizing their diagnostic and therapeutic pathway. The research suggests that nurses are capable of collecting objective and subjective data with high accuracy and reliability, mirroring models of Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) already operating internationally. However, a clear discrepancy emerges: while clinical competence and preparation for advanced assessment are viable and literature-supported, the current Italian regulations and bureaucracy pose significant obstacles to the formal validation and signing of the diagnostic report, which remains the quintessential medical act. In conclusion, the adoption of a more proactive nursing role in evaluating fitness and liver function is not only clinically feasible and useful for accelerating access to therapies, but it is also necessary; nevertheless, to transform this potential into standardized clinical practice, an evolution is indispensable, both in advanced training pathways and, above all, in the normative and legal framework
L'epatocarcinoma (HCC) impone ai pazienti una complessa valutazione pre-trattamento, essenziale per definire la loro fitness fisica e la residua funzione epatica tramite l'attribuzione di score diagnostici cruciali come il liver frailty index, il grado di fibrosi e di steatosi epatica, etc.. Sebbene l'osservazione clinica e la raccolta dei dati necessari a tali punteggi siano pratiche quotidiane e intrinseche al ruolo infermieristico, l'atto formale di refertazione o di attribuzione finale del punteggio rimane, nel contesto attuale, una competenza esclusivamente medica. Questo studio si propone, attraverso una revisione della letteratura sistematica e di un tirocinio osservazionale, di investigare la concreta fattibilità professionale e di analizzare le implicazioni burocratiche relative a un possibile ampliamento del ruolo dell'infermiere, che potrebbe assumere la responsabilità di rilevare e attribuire in via preliminare tali score nei pazienti con HCC, con l'obiettivo ultimo di ottimizzare il loro percorso diagnostico-terapeutico. Emerge che gli infermieri sono in grado di raccogliere dati oggettivi e soggettivi con elevata accuratezza e affidabilità, replicando modelli di Infermiere Specialista Clinico già operativi a livello internazionale. Tuttavia, emerge un chiaro divario: mentre la competenza clinica e la preparazione per la valutazione avanzata sono attuabili e supportate dalla letteratura, l'attuale normativa e burocrazia italiana pone ostacoli significativi alla validazione formale e alla firma del referto diagnostico, che rimane l'atto medico per eccellenza. In conclusione, l'adozione di un ruolo infermieristico più proattivo nella valutazione di fitness e funzione epatica non solo è clinicamente fattibile e utile per accelerare l'accesso alle terapie, ma è anche necessario; tuttavia, per trasformare questo potenziale in una prassi clinica standardizzata, si rende indispensabile un'evoluzione sia dei percorsi formativi avanzati che, soprattutto, del quadro normativo e legale
Ruolo dell’infermiere nella valutazione della fitness e della funzione epatica nei pazienti con epatocarcinoma: una revisione della letteratura
CECCONELLO, MONICA
2024/2025
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) necessitates a complex pre-treatment evaluation for patients, which is essential to determine their physical fitness and residual liver function through the assignment of crucial diagnostic scores, such as the Liver Frailty Index (LFI), the degree of fibrosis, and hepatic steatosis, among others. Although the clinical observation and data collection required for these scores are daily practices intrinsic to the nursing role, the formal act of reporting or final score attribution currently remains an exclusive medical competence. This study, through a systematic literature review and an observational traineeship, aims to investigate the concrete professional feasibility and analyze the bureaucratic implications relating to a potential expansion of the nursing role. The goal is for the nurse to assume responsibility for the preliminary detection and attribution of these scores in HCC patients, ultimately optimizing their diagnostic and therapeutic pathway. The research suggests that nurses are capable of collecting objective and subjective data with high accuracy and reliability, mirroring models of Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) already operating internationally. However, a clear discrepancy emerges: while clinical competence and preparation for advanced assessment are viable and literature-supported, the current Italian regulations and bureaucracy pose significant obstacles to the formal validation and signing of the diagnostic report, which remains the quintessential medical act. In conclusion, the adoption of a more proactive nursing role in evaluating fitness and liver function is not only clinically feasible and useful for accelerating access to therapies, but it is also necessary; nevertheless, to transform this potential into standardized clinical practice, an evolution is indispensable, both in advanced training pathways and, above all, in the normative and legal framework| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_Infermieristica_Monica_Cecconello_AV_041125.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97308