Background: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D), when diagnosed during adolescence, entails significant challenges that extend beyond the clinical aspect, deeply influencing psychological and social dimensions. Sport, while representing a resource for health and inclusion, is often experienced as a critical context due to fears related to disease management and insufficient support from reference adults. In this scenario, the nurse plays a central role in therapeutic education and the promotion of empowerment, accompanying the young person in building autonomy and confidence. Objective: To analyze the nursing contribution in promoting the quality of life of adolescents and young adults with T1D who practice sports, with particular attention to the educational, relational, and inclusive dimensions. Research path: The work begins with a description of type 1 diabetes and its clinical, psychological, and social implications, then explores the value of physical activity, its benefits and related risks, management strategies before, during, and after exercise, and the role of support technologies. Subsequently, competitive sports practice is analyzed, with its specific requirements and the need for personalized nutritional and therapeutic plans supported by the recommendations of scientific societies. A relevant section is dedicated to the nursing contribution, articulated in prevention and therapeutic education, empowerment and adherence, combating stigma, and collaboration with the multidisciplinary team. The narrative literature review followed a structured path: initially conducted on PubMed, it was later expanded through the Digital Library of the University of Padua, selecting core and secondary articles based on temporal, methodological, and thematic relevance criteria. Alongside the review, an educational brochure was developed aimed at young patients, families, and reference adults, with the goal of translating the findings into a practical and accessible tool. Main results: The analysis of studies highlighted four central areas: the importance of therapeutic education in promoting autonomous management, the role of empowerment in supporting adherence, the need to prevent stigma and promote social and sports inclusion, and the value of multidisciplinary collaboration. The nurse is confirmed as a key figure in facilitating educational processes, supporting body and relational awareness, and creating the conditions for safe sports participation. Conclusion: The collected evidence demonstrates that sport, when accompanied by adequate educational and care support, is not only safe for young people with T1D but also represents an opportunity for personal and social growth. The nurse, through their educational and relational role, contributes to transforming diabetes from a perceived limitation into a resource for autonomy and inclusion. Keywords: Type 1 Diabetes, Adolescents, Young Adults, Competitive Sports, Nursing Care, Empowerment, Inclusion, Therapeutic Education
Background: Il diabete mellito di tipo 1 (T1D), diagnosticato in età adolescenziale, comporta sfide significative che si estendono oltre l’aspetto clinico, influenzando profondamente le dimensioni psicologiche e sociali. Lo sport, pur rappresentando una risorsa per la salute e l’inclusione, è spesso vissuto come ambito critico a causa di timori legati alla gestione della patologia e di un supporto insufficiente da parte degli adulti di riferimento. In questo scenario, l’infermiere svolge un ruolo centrale nell’educazione terapeutica e nella promozione dell’empowerment, accompagnando il giovane nella costruzione di autonomia e fiducia. Obiettivo: Analizzare il contributo infermieristico nella promozione della qualità di vita degli adolescenti e giovani adulti con T1D che praticano sport, con particolare attenzione alla dimensione educativa, relazionale e inclusiva. Percorso di ricerca: Il lavoro prende avvio dalla descrizione del diabete di tipo 1 e delle sue implicazioni cliniche, psicologiche e sociali, per poi approfondire il valore dell’attività fisica, i benefici e i rischi connessi, le strategie di gestione pre, durante e post esercizio e il ruolo delle tecnologie di supporto. Viene successivamente analizzata la pratica sportiva a livello agonistico, con le sue esigenze specifiche e la necessità di piani nutrizionali e terapeutici personalizzati, supportati dalle raccomandazioni delle società scientifiche. Una parte rilevante è dedicata al contributo infermieristico, articolato in prevenzione ed educazione terapeutica, empowerment e aderenza, contrasto allo stigma e collaborazione con il team multidisciplinare. La revisione narrativa della letteratura ha seguito un percorso strutturato: inizialmente condotta su PubMed, è stata poi ampliata attraverso la Biblioteca Digitale dell’Università di Padova, selezionando articoli core e secondari in base a criteri temporali, metodologici e di pertinenza con il tema. Accanto alla revisione è stata sviluppata una brochure educativa rivolta a giovani pazienti, famiglie e adulti di riferimento, con l’obiettivo di tradurre i risultati in uno strumento pratico e accessibile. Risultati principali: L’analisi degli studi ha evidenziato quattro aree centrali: l’importanza dell’educazione terapeutica nel promuovere la gestione autonoma, il ruolo dell’empowerment nel sostenere l’aderenza, la necessità di prevenire lo stigma e promuovere l’inclusione sociale e sportiva, e il valore della collaborazione multidisciplinare. L’infermiere si conferma figura cruciale nel facilitare processi educativi, nel supportare la consapevolezza corporea e relazionale, e nel creare le condizioni per una partecipazione sportiva sicura. Conclusione: Le evidenze raccolte dimostrano che lo sport, se accompagnato da un adeguato supporto educativo e assistenziale, non solo è sicuro per i giovani con T1D, ma rappresenta un’occasione di crescita personale e sociale. L’infermiere, grazie al suo ruolo educativo e relazionale, contribuisce a trasformare il diabete da limite percepito a risorsa per l’autonomia e l’inclusione. Keywords: Type 1 Diabetes, Adolescents, Young Adults, Competitive Sports, Nursing Care, Empowerment, Inclusion, Therapeutic Education
Il ruolo dell'infermiere nell'empowerment di adolescenti e giovani adulti con diabete di tipo 1 che praticano sport agonistico
DEL VECCHIO, DEBORA
2024/2025
Abstract
Background: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D), when diagnosed during adolescence, entails significant challenges that extend beyond the clinical aspect, deeply influencing psychological and social dimensions. Sport, while representing a resource for health and inclusion, is often experienced as a critical context due to fears related to disease management and insufficient support from reference adults. In this scenario, the nurse plays a central role in therapeutic education and the promotion of empowerment, accompanying the young person in building autonomy and confidence. Objective: To analyze the nursing contribution in promoting the quality of life of adolescents and young adults with T1D who practice sports, with particular attention to the educational, relational, and inclusive dimensions. Research path: The work begins with a description of type 1 diabetes and its clinical, psychological, and social implications, then explores the value of physical activity, its benefits and related risks, management strategies before, during, and after exercise, and the role of support technologies. Subsequently, competitive sports practice is analyzed, with its specific requirements and the need for personalized nutritional and therapeutic plans supported by the recommendations of scientific societies. A relevant section is dedicated to the nursing contribution, articulated in prevention and therapeutic education, empowerment and adherence, combating stigma, and collaboration with the multidisciplinary team. The narrative literature review followed a structured path: initially conducted on PubMed, it was later expanded through the Digital Library of the University of Padua, selecting core and secondary articles based on temporal, methodological, and thematic relevance criteria. Alongside the review, an educational brochure was developed aimed at young patients, families, and reference adults, with the goal of translating the findings into a practical and accessible tool. Main results: The analysis of studies highlighted four central areas: the importance of therapeutic education in promoting autonomous management, the role of empowerment in supporting adherence, the need to prevent stigma and promote social and sports inclusion, and the value of multidisciplinary collaboration. The nurse is confirmed as a key figure in facilitating educational processes, supporting body and relational awareness, and creating the conditions for safe sports participation. Conclusion: The collected evidence demonstrates that sport, when accompanied by adequate educational and care support, is not only safe for young people with T1D but also represents an opportunity for personal and social growth. The nurse, through their educational and relational role, contributes to transforming diabetes from a perceived limitation into a resource for autonomy and inclusion. Keywords: Type 1 Diabetes, Adolescents, Young Adults, Competitive Sports, Nursing Care, Empowerment, Inclusion, Therapeutic Education| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97329