The neurosurgical patient undergoing craniotomy is very unstable in the first hours post-surgery, therefore, adequate nursing care is vital for the clinical course and prevention of complications. This literature review has as its objectives: l’ early identification and prevention of complications, l’ identification of necessary nursing skills, carrying out accurate monitoring and timely neurological evaluation. Several studies have analyzed nursing care for patients undergoing craniotomy: one study compares that planned by nurses and that by neurologists, another compares specialized and traditional nursing care, always observing the results on patients. Furthermore, other studies highlight the signs and symptoms that are most predictive of major complications, so as to be able to prevent them also through the use of scales and evaluation tools. The following results emerged from the studies in question: specialized nursing care drastically reduces the incidence of post-operative complications, with a reduction in costs and hospitalization times; Furthermore, the use of scales and evaluation tools is fundamental for the early evaluation of clinical decay. In general, the literature highlights how advanced skills and a structured care approach determine better recovery and greater safety for the patient.
Il paziente neurochirurgico sottoposto a craniotomia è molto instabile nelle prime ore post-intervento, per questo, un’ assistenza infermieristica adeguata è di vitale importanza per il decorso clinico e la prevenzione delle complicanze. Questa revisione della letteratura ha come obbiettivi: l’ individuazione precoce e la prevenzione delle complicanze, l’ identificazione di competenze infermieristiche necessarie, lo svolgimento di un monitoraggio accurato e una tempestiva valutazione neurologica. Diversi studi hanno analizzato l’ assistenza infermieristica per il paziente sottoposto a craniotomia: uno studio compara quella pianificata da infermieri e quella da neurologi, un altro, mette a confronto l’ assistenza infermieristica specializzata e quella tradizionale, osservando sempre i risultati sui pazienti. Inoltre, altri studi evidenziano i segni e sintomi che maggiormente sono predittivi di complicanze maggiori, così da poterle prevenire anche tramite l’ uso di scale e strumenti di valutazione. Dagli studi in questione sono emersi i seguenti risultati: l’ assistenza infermieristica specializzata riduce drasticamente l’ incidenza di complicanze post-operatorie, con riduzione dei costi e dei tempi di degenza; l’ uso delle scale e strumenti di valutazione, inoltre, è fondamentale per la valutazione precoce del decadimento clinico. In generale, la letteratura evidenzia come le competenze avanzate e un approccio assistenziale strutturato determinino un migliore recupero e maggiore sicurezza per il paziente.
La gestione infermieristica del paziente neurochirurgico sottoposto a craniotomia
GHERLINZONI, CHIARA
2024/2025
Abstract
The neurosurgical patient undergoing craniotomy is very unstable in the first hours post-surgery, therefore, adequate nursing care is vital for the clinical course and prevention of complications. This literature review has as its objectives: l’ early identification and prevention of complications, l’ identification of necessary nursing skills, carrying out accurate monitoring and timely neurological evaluation. Several studies have analyzed nursing care for patients undergoing craniotomy: one study compares that planned by nurses and that by neurologists, another compares specialized and traditional nursing care, always observing the results on patients. Furthermore, other studies highlight the signs and symptoms that are most predictive of major complications, so as to be able to prevent them also through the use of scales and evaluation tools. The following results emerged from the studies in question: specialized nursing care drastically reduces the incidence of post-operative complications, with a reduction in costs and hospitalization times; Furthermore, the use of scales and evaluation tools is fundamental for the early evaluation of clinical decay. In general, the literature highlights how advanced skills and a structured care approach determine better recovery and greater safety for the patient.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97361