Background: This thesis aims to explore the effectiveness of personalized music therapy in improving well-being and stimulating memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The main focus of the study is the nursing intervention during music therapy sessions, which are adapted to each patient's individual musical preferences. Personalized music therapy involves using songs that resonate with the patient in order to foster a deeper emotional and cognitive response. This observational study, conducted in collaboration with the Alzheimer Association of Verona, seeks to monitor the effects of these sessions by evaluating the psychological response and memory stimulation in the patients. Purpose and Objective: The primary goal of this research is to understand how personalized music therapy can positively influence the well-being and memory of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Specifically, the study aims to examine the impact of music chosen according to individual tastes on patients’ quality of life. Materials and Methods: The observational study was carried out in collaboration with the Alzheimer Association of Verona and involved a group of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. During the personalized music therapy sessions, patients were monitored over a defined period. Data were collected through direct observation of emotional and cognitive reactions, using standardized tools to assess psychological well-being and memory function. Results: Nine patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease were included in the study. The average age was 81.9 years (range: 70–94), with a prevalence of moderate forms of the disease (67%). All participants had at least one comorbidity, most commonly hypertension (78%). Interest in music was universal (100%), with a strong preference for folk music (66.7%). Most participants had a positive relationship with music (88.9%), reporting perceived effects such as relaxation (44.4%), memory stimulation (22.2%), and improved mood (22.2%). The genres most effective in evoking autobiographical memories during sessions were Italian light music from the 1950s–1970s (8 patients) and folk music (6 patients). Behavioral observations revealed a clear change: from an initial state of apathy, isolation, and agitation, patients progressively showed emotional and physical engagement, such as singing, smiling, and movement (as described in Word Cloud II). On the cognitive level, 6 out of 9 patients (66.7%) showed improvement in MMSE scores (increase of 1–3 points), 2 patients maintained stable scores, and 1 patient had a slight decline (-1 point). These results suggest a potential beneficial effect of personalized music therapy on emotional, relational, and partially cognitive well-being in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
Background: Questa tesi ha l’obiettivo di esplorare l’efficacia della musicoterapia personalizzata nel migliorare il benessere e stimolare la memoria nei pazienti con Alzheimer. Il punto focale dello studio è l’intervento infermieristico durante le sedute di musicoterapia, che vengono adattate alle singole preferenze musicali dei pazienti. La musicoterapia personalizzata si concentra sull’utilizzo di brani che risuonano con il paziente, in modo da favorire una risposta emotiva e cognitiva più profonda. Lo studio osservazionale, condotto in collaborazione con l’associazione di Verona, mira a monitorare gli effetti di queste sedute, valutando la risposta psicologica e la stimolazione della memoria dei pazienti. Finalità e obiettivo: L’obiettivo principale di questa ricerca è comprendere come la musicoterapia personalizzata possa influenzare positivamente il benessere e la memoria dei pazienti affetti da Alzheimer. In particolare, si vuole esaminare l’impatto che la musica scelta in base ai gusti individuali ha sulla qualità della vita dei pazienti. Materiali e metodi: Lo studio osservazionale è stato realizzato grazie alla collaborazione con l’associazione di Verona, che ha coinvolto un gruppo di pazienti con Alzheimer. Durante le sedute di musicoterapia personalizzata, i pazienti sono stati seguiti per un periodo definito. I dati sono stati raccolti tramite osservazioni dirette delle reazioni emotive e cognitive, utilizzando strumenti di valutazione standardizzati per misurare il benessere psicologico e gli effetti sulla memoria. Risultati: Sono stati inclusi 9 pazienti con diagnosi di Malattia di Alzheimer, seguiti presso l’Associazione Alzheimer di Verona, sottoposti a un percorso di musicoterapia personalizzata. L’età media del campione era di 81,9 anni (range: 70–94), con una prevalenza di forme moderate (67%). Tutti i partecipanti presentavano almeno una comorbidità, in particolare ipertensione arteriosa (78%). L’interesse per la musica era universale (100%), con una preferenza marcata per la musica popolare (66,7%). La relazione con la musica era prevalentemente positiva (88,9%), con effetti percepiti quali rilassamento (44,4%), stimolo ai ricordi (22,2%) e miglioramento dell’umore (22,2%). Durante le sedute, i generi musicali più efficaci nell’evocare ricordi autobiografici sono risultati la musica leggera italiana anni '50–'70 (8 pazienti) e la musica popolare (6 pazienti). Le osservazioni comportamentali hanno evidenziato un netto cambiamento: da uno stato iniziale di apatia, isolamento e agitazione, i pazienti hanno mostrato progressivamente segnali di coinvolgimento emotivo e corporeo, come canto, sorriso e movimento (Nuvola di parole II). Sul piano cognitivo, 6 pazienti su 9 (66,7%) hanno mostrato un miglioramento del punteggio MMSE (incremento di 1–3 punti), 2 pazienti hanno mantenuto un punteggio stabile e 1 ha avuto un lieve calo (-1 punto). Questi risultati suggeriscono un potenziale effetto benefico della musicoterapia personalizzata sul benessere emotivo, relazionale e, in parte, cognitivo dei pazienti.
SINFONIE PERDUTE, MEMORIE RITROVATE: IL POTERE DELLA MUSICA PERSONALIZZATA Studio osservazionale presso l’Associazione Alzheimer di Verona
SPORZON, SOFIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Background: This thesis aims to explore the effectiveness of personalized music therapy in improving well-being and stimulating memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The main focus of the study is the nursing intervention during music therapy sessions, which are adapted to each patient's individual musical preferences. Personalized music therapy involves using songs that resonate with the patient in order to foster a deeper emotional and cognitive response. This observational study, conducted in collaboration with the Alzheimer Association of Verona, seeks to monitor the effects of these sessions by evaluating the psychological response and memory stimulation in the patients. Purpose and Objective: The primary goal of this research is to understand how personalized music therapy can positively influence the well-being and memory of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Specifically, the study aims to examine the impact of music chosen according to individual tastes on patients’ quality of life. Materials and Methods: The observational study was carried out in collaboration with the Alzheimer Association of Verona and involved a group of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. During the personalized music therapy sessions, patients were monitored over a defined period. Data were collected through direct observation of emotional and cognitive reactions, using standardized tools to assess psychological well-being and memory function. Results: Nine patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease were included in the study. The average age was 81.9 years (range: 70–94), with a prevalence of moderate forms of the disease (67%). All participants had at least one comorbidity, most commonly hypertension (78%). Interest in music was universal (100%), with a strong preference for folk music (66.7%). Most participants had a positive relationship with music (88.9%), reporting perceived effects such as relaxation (44.4%), memory stimulation (22.2%), and improved mood (22.2%). The genres most effective in evoking autobiographical memories during sessions were Italian light music from the 1950s–1970s (8 patients) and folk music (6 patients). Behavioral observations revealed a clear change: from an initial state of apathy, isolation, and agitation, patients progressively showed emotional and physical engagement, such as singing, smiling, and movement (as described in Word Cloud II). On the cognitive level, 6 out of 9 patients (66.7%) showed improvement in MMSE scores (increase of 1–3 points), 2 patients maintained stable scores, and 1 patient had a slight decline (-1 point). These results suggest a potential beneficial effect of personalized music therapy on emotional, relational, and partially cognitive well-being in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97451