Every year, about 160 billion cubic meters of wastewater are produced worldwide. Approximately 20% of these are industrial wastes mainly composed of toxic organic components that are dangerous to human health and the environment. This has made it necessary to develop economical, reliable, and sustainable technologies capable of remediating effluents and safeguarding human and environmental health; heterogeneous photocatalysis of TiO2 is one of these technologies that has proven to be effective. The present study evaluates the heterophase photocatalytic activity of the anatase and rutile phases of titanium dioxide in liquid. Titanium dioxide has been the preferred photocatalyst due to its low cost, chemical stability, and high degradation efficiency when illuminated with UV light. As a test solution simulating the problem on a microscale, the variation in concentration of a methylene blue solution in pure water containing a thin film of TiO2 deposited on a silicon sample using the sol-gel technique was observed. Mesoporous samples treated at 350°C and 550°C and dense samples treated at 600°C were produced and tested with two types of lamps, UV LED 365nm and a UV-C lamp. The factors that most contributed to the degradation of methylene blue were studied. Crystallinity, obtained mainly in the dense samples treated at 600°C, had the greatest impact, managing to reduce the absorbance of the test solution by 31.24%, marking the best result achieved. Finally, a small automatic system for continuous absorbance control was assembled, useful for speeding up some steps and refining the control of different factors.
Ogni anno nel mondo vengono prodotti circa 160 miliardi di metri cubi di acque reflue. Circa il 20% di queste sono rifiuti industriali formati principalmente da componenti organici tossici pericolosi per la salute umana e dell'ambiente. Ciò ha reso necessario lo sviluppo di tecnologie economiche, affidabili e sostenibili in grado di bonificare gli effluenti e salvaguardare la salute umana e ambientale; la fotocatalisi eterogenea di TiO2 è una di queste tecnologie che si è dimostrata efficace. Lo studio attuale valuta l’attività fotocatalitica eterofase delle fasi anatase e rutilo del biossido di titanio in liquido. Il biossido di titanio è stato il fotocatalizzatore preferito per via del suo basso costo, della stabilità chimica e dell’elevata efficienza di degradazione quando viene illuminato con luce UV. Come soluzione di prova che simula il problema in micro scala è stata osservata la variazione di concentrazione della soluzione di blu di metilene in acqua pura con all’interno un film sottile di TiO2 posto su un campione di silicio con tecnica sol-gel. Sono stati realizzati campioni mesoporosi trattati a 350°C e 550°C e campioni densi trattati a 600°C e testati con due tipologie di lampade, UV LED 365nm e una UV-C. Sono stati studiati i fattori che più hanno contribuito alla degradazione del blu di metilene. La cristallinità, ottenuta maggiormente nei campioni densi trattati a 600°C, ha avuto l'impatto maggiore riuscendo ad abbassare l'assorbanza della soluzione prova del 31.24% segnando il milgior risultato ottenuto. Infine è stato assemblato un piccolo sistema automatico di controllo dell'assorbanza in continuo, utile per velocizzare alcuni passaggi e affinare il controllo dei diversi fattori.
Sviluppo di un reattore per test di fotocatalisi
PALADINI, MARCO LUCA
2024/2025
Abstract
Every year, about 160 billion cubic meters of wastewater are produced worldwide. Approximately 20% of these are industrial wastes mainly composed of toxic organic components that are dangerous to human health and the environment. This has made it necessary to develop economical, reliable, and sustainable technologies capable of remediating effluents and safeguarding human and environmental health; heterogeneous photocatalysis of TiO2 is one of these technologies that has proven to be effective. The present study evaluates the heterophase photocatalytic activity of the anatase and rutile phases of titanium dioxide in liquid. Titanium dioxide has been the preferred photocatalyst due to its low cost, chemical stability, and high degradation efficiency when illuminated with UV light. As a test solution simulating the problem on a microscale, the variation in concentration of a methylene blue solution in pure water containing a thin film of TiO2 deposited on a silicon sample using the sol-gel technique was observed. Mesoporous samples treated at 350°C and 550°C and dense samples treated at 600°C were produced and tested with two types of lamps, UV LED 365nm and a UV-C lamp. The factors that most contributed to the degradation of methylene blue were studied. Crystallinity, obtained mainly in the dense samples treated at 600°C, had the greatest impact, managing to reduce the absorbance of the test solution by 31.24%, marking the best result achieved. Finally, a small automatic system for continuous absorbance control was assembled, useful for speeding up some steps and refining the control of different factors.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97576