This thesis investigates the measurement of harmonic and interharmonic emissions in 50 Hz power systems with strict adherence to EN 61000-4-7. After outlining essential concepts of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and the European regulatory framework, we detail the normative measurement chain: synchronized 10-cycle windows (200 ms), discrete Fourier analysis with ~5 Hz resolution, formation of harmonic/interharmonic groups and subgroups, and first-order smoothing with a 1.5 s time constant, followed by standard reporting aggregations. We implement a MATLAB tool that reproduces the EN 61000-4-7 pipeline end to end: signal generation, fundamental-frequency tracking, spectral computation, grouping, subgrouping, and computation of THD, THDG, and THDS. Validation uses representative case studies: pure harmonics (3rd, 5th, 7th) and interharmonics around 178 Hz (between 3rd and 4th) and 287 Hz (between 5th and 6th). Results confirm the correct separation of harmonic and interharmonic contributions according to the standard definitions and show that smoothing stabilizes estimates over multi-second horizons. The work translates normative requirements into a transparent, reproducible algorithm that supports EMC design and compliance checks requiring EN 61000-4-7-aligned methods. Limitations and perspectives are discussed, including sensitivity to fundamental-frequency drift, stationarity assumptions within the 200 ms window, the use of an idealized measurement model (noise/aliasing neglected), and extensions to higher bands, three-phase systems, instrumented test benches, and uncertainty analysis.
La tesi affronta lo studio e la misura delle emissioni armoniche e interarmoniche nei sistemi elettrici a 50 Hz con riferimento alla norma EN 61000-4-7, che definisce metodi e architetture metrologiche per l’analisi spettrale conforme. Dopo un inquadramento dei principi di compatibilità elettromagnetica (EMC) e del quadro regolatorio europeo (della serie EN 61000), viene descritta la catena di misura normativa: acquisizione sincronizzata su finestre di 10 periodi (200 ms), calcolo delle righe spettrali (OUT 1) mediante DFT con Δf ≈ 5 Hz, formazione dei gruppi e sottogruppi armonici e interarmonici (OUT2), applicazione dello smoothing con τ = 1,5 s e aggregazioni temporali per il reporting. Su queste basi è stato sviluppato un tool in MATLAB che implementa integralmente il flusso 4-7: generazione di segnali di prova, sincronismo alla fondamentale, calcolo spettrale, grouping, subgrouping e stima degli indici THD, THDG, THDS. La validazione include casi di studio rappresentativi: armoniche pure (3ª, 5ª, 7ª) e interarmoniche posizionate tra 3ª e 4ª (178 Hz) e tra 5ª e 6ª (287 Hz). I risultati mostrano una corretta separazione tra contributi armonici e interarmonici secondo le definizioni normative e l’efficacia dello smoothing nello stabilizzare le misure su orizzonti di alcuni secondi. Il lavoro contribuisce a tradurre i requisiti normativi in un algoritmo operativo, replicabile e trasparente, utile sia in fase di progettazione EMC sia come supporto alle verifiche di conformità quando è richiesto l’allineamento alla 61000-4-7. Si discutono infine limiti e prospettive: sensibilità al sincronismo della fondamentale, ipotesi di stazionarietà entro la finestra, modello di misura ideale (assenza di rumore/alias residuo) e possibili estensioni a bande superiori, sistemi trifase, banchi prova strumentati e bilanci d’incertezza.
STUDIO E SIMULAZIONE DELLE EMISSIONI DI CORRENTE ARMONICA IN APPLICAZIONE DELLA NORMA EN 61000-4-7
ZAMPERETTI, PIETRO
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis investigates the measurement of harmonic and interharmonic emissions in 50 Hz power systems with strict adherence to EN 61000-4-7. After outlining essential concepts of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and the European regulatory framework, we detail the normative measurement chain: synchronized 10-cycle windows (200 ms), discrete Fourier analysis with ~5 Hz resolution, formation of harmonic/interharmonic groups and subgroups, and first-order smoothing with a 1.5 s time constant, followed by standard reporting aggregations. We implement a MATLAB tool that reproduces the EN 61000-4-7 pipeline end to end: signal generation, fundamental-frequency tracking, spectral computation, grouping, subgrouping, and computation of THD, THDG, and THDS. Validation uses representative case studies: pure harmonics (3rd, 5th, 7th) and interharmonics around 178 Hz (between 3rd and 4th) and 287 Hz (between 5th and 6th). Results confirm the correct separation of harmonic and interharmonic contributions according to the standard definitions and show that smoothing stabilizes estimates over multi-second horizons. The work translates normative requirements into a transparent, reproducible algorithm that supports EMC design and compliance checks requiring EN 61000-4-7-aligned methods. Limitations and perspectives are discussed, including sensitivity to fundamental-frequency drift, stationarity assumptions within the 200 ms window, the use of an idealized measurement model (noise/aliasing neglected), and extensions to higher bands, three-phase systems, instrumented test benches, and uncertainty analysis.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97715