MIX implements a Level 2 switching infrastructure that gives users the impression of a single shared LAN, even though it is geographically distributed across multiple locations (Milan, Rome, Bologna, Palermo, and Caserta). Through Virtual LAN Emulation techniques, the system ensures transparent connectivity between Autonomous Systems (AS) routers, which establish BGP sessions for route exchange, believing they are all on the same LAN. However, since the BGP protocol does not consider latency as a criterion for selecting the best route, routing decisions may be suboptimal, ignoring actual network performance variations. This work presents a dynamic routing optimization system for IXPs, which introduces real-time latency metrics into the BGP decision-making process through automatic integration with the BIRD route server. The solution involves continuous connection monitoring, periodic measurement of peer-to-peer latency using distributed probes, and the generation of routing filters based on local preference inversely proportional to the measured latency. This approach makes routing adaptive and performance-aware, improving operational efficiency, reducing overall latency and automating traffic management for Internet Exchange Points, solving an evolutionary issue not present in the standard BGP protocol.
Il MIX implementa un’infrastruttura di switching di livello 2 che fornisce agli afferenti l’impressione di una singola LAN condivisa, pur essendo distribuita geograficamente su più sedi (Milano, Roma, Bologna, Palermo e Caserta). Attraverso tecniche di Virtual LAN Emulation, il sistema garantisce connettività trasparente tra i router degli Autonomous Systems (AS) che instaurano sessioni BGP per lo scambio di rotte credendo di essere tutti nella stessa LAN. Tuttavia, poiché il protocollo BGP non considera la latenza come criterio di selezione della best route, le decisioni di instradamento possono risultare sub-ottimali, ignorando le variazioni di performance reali della rete. Questa ricerca presenta un sistema di ottimizzazione dinamica del routing per IXP che introduce metriche di latenza in tempo reale nel processo decisionale di BGP tramite un’integrazione automatica con il route server BIRD. La soluzione prevede un monitoraggio continuo delle connessioni, la misurazione periodica della latenza peer-to-peer mediante probe distribuiti e la generazione di filtri di routing basati sulla local preference inversamente proporzionale alla latenza misurata. Questo approccio rende il routing adattivo e consapevole delle prestazioni, migliorando l’efficienza operativa, riducendo la latenza complessiva e automatizzando la gestione del traffico per gli Internet Exchange Point, risolvendo un aspetto evolutivo non presente nel protocollo BGP standard.
Metriche BGP per Punti di Interscambio Internet su scala geografica
BALDAN, FABIO
2024/2025
Abstract
MIX implements a Level 2 switching infrastructure that gives users the impression of a single shared LAN, even though it is geographically distributed across multiple locations (Milan, Rome, Bologna, Palermo, and Caserta). Through Virtual LAN Emulation techniques, the system ensures transparent connectivity between Autonomous Systems (AS) routers, which establish BGP sessions for route exchange, believing they are all on the same LAN. However, since the BGP protocol does not consider latency as a criterion for selecting the best route, routing decisions may be suboptimal, ignoring actual network performance variations. This work presents a dynamic routing optimization system for IXPs, which introduces real-time latency metrics into the BGP decision-making process through automatic integration with the BIRD route server. The solution involves continuous connection monitoring, periodic measurement of peer-to-peer latency using distributed probes, and the generation of routing filters based on local preference inversely proportional to the measured latency. This approach makes routing adaptive and performance-aware, improving operational efficiency, reducing overall latency and automating traffic management for Internet Exchange Points, solving an evolutionary issue not present in the standard BGP protocol.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97819