The evolution of agriculture moves day by day towards a more ecologically sustainable and safer development for use by man, this applied to the field of olive growing means facing the need to integrate new methods into the fight against Bactrocera oleae, the main antagonist of the olive grower. Bac. oleae is a polyvoltine tephitidae known to be harmful during its reproductive activity towards the Oleae europea drupes; the contrast to this pest is supported both with agronomic practices, with conventional or chemical pest control and with integrated pest management. However, recently the EU has issued directives prohibiting the sale and use of all the pests based on dimethoate which is the active substance used in olive industry in greater volume for the control of Bac. oleae. However, to insert new tools in the defense of the oil sector it is necessary to investigate their effectiveness of some products already used and study if there are possible side effects that can influence Bac. oleae. Oviposition deterrent effect of ten different products were tested by presenting the insect i) with oviposition choice of a no treated olive and a treated olive, or ii) exclusively with treated olives. Most of the tested products (Beauveria bassiana, dodine, zeolite, dentamet, cabrio, and aspor) showed an oviposition deterrent effect in at least one of the two assays (choice and no-choice tests). These results are therefore proof that we need to test the effectiveness of these secondary effects in the field in order to be able to structure in an innovative and effective way a fight against the olive fly. We must include pests with a low environmental impact, agronomic practices that do not favor the proliferation of populations present and the use of techniques promoted by integrated pest management such as the use of pheromone traps, constant monitoring combined with forecasting programs and the insertion and protection of useful insect populations
L’agricoltura si muove di giorno in giorno verso uno sviluppo ecologicamente più sostenibile e più sicuro nei confronti dell’ecosistema e dell’uomo: questo, applicato all’ambito dell’olivicoltura, significa far fronte alla necessità di integrare nuovi metodi nella lotta a Bactrocera oleae, l’insetto più dannoso per questa produzione. Bac. oleae è un dittero tefritide polivoltino conosciuto per essere dannoso durante la sua attività riproduttiva nei confronti delle drupe di Oleae europea; il contrasto a questo fitofago è sostenuto sia con pratiche agronomiche, con la lotta convenzionale o chimica e con la lotta integrata. Tuttavia, recentemente l’UE ha emesso delle direttive che proibiscono la vendita e l’impiego di tutti prodotti fitosanitari a base di dimetoato che rappresentava la sostanza attiva impiegata in olivicoltura in maggior volume per il controllo di Bac. oleae. Per inserire nuovi strumenti in difesa del settore oleario, a fronte della crescente limitazione dell’utilizzo dei prodotti chimici di sintesi, è necessario indagare l’efficacia e studiare se esistano prodotti già in commercio che abbiano come effetto secondario la protezione da Bac. oleae. L'effetto deterrente sull’ovideposizione di dieci diversi prodotti è stato testato presentando all'insetto le olive in due differenti modi: i) con la scelta di ovodeposizione di un'oliva non trattata e di un'oliva trattata, o ii) esclusivamente con olive trattate. Alcuni dei prodotti testati (Beauveria bassiana, dodina, zeolite, dentamet, cabrio e aspor) hanno mostrato un effetto deterrente per l'ovodeposizione in almeno uno dei due saggi (ovideterrenza e choice test) aprendo quindi nuove porte alla strategia di controllo di Bac. Oleae. Questi risultati sono quindi la prova che abbiamo la necessità di testare in campo l’efficacia di questi effetti secondati in modo da poter strutturare in modo innovativo ed efficace una lotta alla mosca dell’olivo che sia comprensiva di prodotti fitosanitari con un basso impatto ambientale, pratiche agronomiche che non favoriscano la proliferazione delle popolazioni presenti e l’impiego delle tecniche promosse dalla difesa integrata come l’impiego di trappole a feromoni, monitoraggi costanti abbinati a programmi previsionali e l’inserimento e la tutela di popolazioni di insetti utili.
Effetto deterrente sull'ovodeposizione di prodotti alternativi agli insetticidi di sintesi contro Bactrocera Oleae (Rossi) (Diptera,Tephritidae)
PISTORIO, ALESSANDRO
2021/2022
Abstract
The evolution of agriculture moves day by day towards a more ecologically sustainable and safer development for use by man, this applied to the field of olive growing means facing the need to integrate new methods into the fight against Bactrocera oleae, the main antagonist of the olive grower. Bac. oleae is a polyvoltine tephitidae known to be harmful during its reproductive activity towards the Oleae europea drupes; the contrast to this pest is supported both with agronomic practices, with conventional or chemical pest control and with integrated pest management. However, recently the EU has issued directives prohibiting the sale and use of all the pests based on dimethoate which is the active substance used in olive industry in greater volume for the control of Bac. oleae. However, to insert new tools in the defense of the oil sector it is necessary to investigate their effectiveness of some products already used and study if there are possible side effects that can influence Bac. oleae. Oviposition deterrent effect of ten different products were tested by presenting the insect i) with oviposition choice of a no treated olive and a treated olive, or ii) exclusively with treated olives. Most of the tested products (Beauveria bassiana, dodine, zeolite, dentamet, cabrio, and aspor) showed an oviposition deterrent effect in at least one of the two assays (choice and no-choice tests). These results are therefore proof that we need to test the effectiveness of these secondary effects in the field in order to be able to structure in an innovative and effective way a fight against the olive fly. We must include pests with a low environmental impact, agronomic practices that do not favor the proliferation of populations present and the use of techniques promoted by integrated pest management such as the use of pheromone traps, constant monitoring combined with forecasting programs and the insertion and protection of useful insect populationsFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/9784