This thesis aims to analyse the evolution and characteristics of piston engines for aeronautical use, with particular attention to the historical and technological reasons that have guided their development. The first part traces the birth of internal combustion engines for aviation, highlighting the operational requirements that led to their widespread use and the progressive refinement of technical solutions. Subsequently, the analysis focuses on the Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D engine, examining its construction features and innovations that allow its use in aerobatics. Particular emphasis is given to the inverted lubrication system and the optimised fuel system, both of which are essential for ensuring continuous operation even in extreme flight conditions. The thermodynamic cycle, general architecture and magneto ignition system are also described, all of which contribute to the reliability and performance of the engine. A further chapter is devoted to practical applications, with reference to prominent aircraft in the aerobatic sector, such as the Extra 300 and the Zivko Edge, which have adopted this engine as their propulsion solution. Finally, a comparison is made with its most recent evolution, the Lycoming Thunderbolt AEIO-540-EXP, highlighting the differences in terms of configuration, performance and intended use. The overall objective of the work is not only to retrace the history and development of these engines, but also to highlight the technological innovations that have made it possible to perform particularly demanding aerobatic manoeuvres, capable of subjecting the engines to extreme operating conditions.
La presente tesi si propone di analizzare l’evoluzione e le caratteristiche dei motori a pistoni destinati all’impiego aeronautico, con particolare attenzione alle motivazioni storiche e tecnologiche che ne hanno guidato lo sviluppo. Nella prima parte viene ripercorsa la nascita dei propulsori a combustione interna per l’aviazione, evidenziando le esigenze operative che hanno portato alla loro diffusione e al progressivo perfezionamento delle soluzioni tecniche. Successivamente, l’analisi si concentra sul motore Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D, esaminandone le peculiarità costruttive e le innovazioni che ne consentono l’impiego in ambito acrobatico. Particolare rilievo viene dato al sistema di lubrificazione invertito e all’impianto di alimentazione ottimizzato, entrambi fondamentali per garantire continuità di funzionamento anche in condizioni di volo estreme. Sono inoltre descritti il ciclo termodinamico, l’architettura generale e il sistema di accensione a magneti, elementi che concorrono a definire l’affidabilità e le prestazioni del propulsore. Un ulteriore capitolo è dedicato alle applicazioni pratiche, con riferimento ad aeromobili di rilievo nel settore acrobatico, quali l’Extra 300 e lo Zivko Edge, che hanno adottato questo motore come soluzione propulsiva. Infine, viene proposto un confronto con la sua evoluzione più recente, il Lycoming Thunderbolt AEIO-540-EXP, mettendo in evidenza le differenze in termini di configurazione, prestazioni e destinazioni d’uso. L’obiettivo complessivo del lavoro non consiste esclusivamente nel ripercorrere la storia e lo sviluppo di questi motori, ma anche di evidenziare le innovazioni tecnologiche che hanno reso possibile l’esecuzione di manovre acrobatiche particolarmente gravose, capaci di sottoporre i propulsori a condizioni operative estreme.
Tecnologia e potenza del Lycoming AEIO-540 L1B5D per il volo acrobatico
MASON, ANDREA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyse the evolution and characteristics of piston engines for aeronautical use, with particular attention to the historical and technological reasons that have guided their development. The first part traces the birth of internal combustion engines for aviation, highlighting the operational requirements that led to their widespread use and the progressive refinement of technical solutions. Subsequently, the analysis focuses on the Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D engine, examining its construction features and innovations that allow its use in aerobatics. Particular emphasis is given to the inverted lubrication system and the optimised fuel system, both of which are essential for ensuring continuous operation even in extreme flight conditions. The thermodynamic cycle, general architecture and magneto ignition system are also described, all of which contribute to the reliability and performance of the engine. A further chapter is devoted to practical applications, with reference to prominent aircraft in the aerobatic sector, such as the Extra 300 and the Zivko Edge, which have adopted this engine as their propulsion solution. Finally, a comparison is made with its most recent evolution, the Lycoming Thunderbolt AEIO-540-EXP, highlighting the differences in terms of configuration, performance and intended use. The overall objective of the work is not only to retrace the history and development of these engines, but also to highlight the technological innovations that have made it possible to perform particularly demanding aerobatic manoeuvres, capable of subjecting the engines to extreme operating conditions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/98166