The research analyzes how the Argentine state in the 19th century constructed indigeneity as a category of internal otherness, using civilizing discourses and practices of Europeanization to justify the conquest and expropriation of native populations. Through a historical-sociological approach and the analysis of political, historiographical, and institutional texts, the thesis shows how the civilization/barbarism dichotomy and the triangulation among Indigenous peoples, criollos, and immigrants contributed to defining the boundaries of Argentine national identity, determining who could be included and who was instead excluded from the project of modernity. The Conquest of the Desert is reinterpreted not as an isolated event but as the culmination of a long process of violence and social disciplining, in which the civilizing ideal was translated into practices of extermination, deportation, and symbolic erasure. The research also highlights how the construction of modern Argentine identity was founded on a logic of “subordinate inclusion,” which continued to reproduce ethnic and cultural inequalities even after the end of the military campaigns. The work concludes with a reflection on subaltern memories and indigenous testimonies that emerge as voices of resistance, capable of challenging the official version of history. From this perspective, the study seeks to restore the full complexity of Argentine history, showing how the social and cultural hierarchies formed in the 19th century continue to shape, even today, the dynamics of collective memory, citizenship, and national belonging.
La ricerca analizza le modalità attraverso cui lo Stato argentino dell’Ottocento ha costruito l’indigenità come categoria di alterità interna, utilizzando discorsi civilizzatori e pratiche di europeizzazione per giustificare la conquista e l’espropriazione delle popolazioni native. Attraverso un approccio storico-sociologico e l’analisi di testi politici, storiografici e istituzionali, la tesi mostra come la dicotomia civiltà/barbarie e la triangolazione tra indios, criollos e immigrati abbiano contribuito a definire i confini dell’identità nazionale argentina, stabilendo chi potesse essere incluso e chi invece escluso dal progetto di modernità. La Conquista del Deserto viene reinterpretata non come evento isolato, ma come culmine di un lungo processo di violenza e disciplinamento, in cui l’ideale civilizzatore si tradusse in pratiche di sterminio, deportazione e cancellazione simbolica. La ricerca evidenzia inoltre come la costruzione dell’identità argentina moderna si sia fondata su una logica di “inclusione subordinata” che ha continuato a produrre disuguaglianze etniche e culturali anche dopo la fine delle campagne militari. Il lavoro si conclude con una riflessione sulle memorie subalterne e sulle testimonianze indigene che si presentano come voci di resistenza capaci di mettere in discussione la versione ufficiale della storia. In questa prospettiva, il lavoro mira a restituire alla storia argentina tutta la sua complessità, mettendo in luce come le gerarchie sociali e culturali formatesi nel XIX secolo continuino a influenzare, ancora oggi, le dinamiche della memoria collettiva, della cittadinanza e del senso di appartenenza nazionale.
Una nazione costruita sul sangue: civilizzazione, europeizzazione e cancellazione indigena in Argentina
CAMPORESE, CLARA
2024/2025
Abstract
The research analyzes how the Argentine state in the 19th century constructed indigeneity as a category of internal otherness, using civilizing discourses and practices of Europeanization to justify the conquest and expropriation of native populations. Through a historical-sociological approach and the analysis of political, historiographical, and institutional texts, the thesis shows how the civilization/barbarism dichotomy and the triangulation among Indigenous peoples, criollos, and immigrants contributed to defining the boundaries of Argentine national identity, determining who could be included and who was instead excluded from the project of modernity. The Conquest of the Desert is reinterpreted not as an isolated event but as the culmination of a long process of violence and social disciplining, in which the civilizing ideal was translated into practices of extermination, deportation, and symbolic erasure. The research also highlights how the construction of modern Argentine identity was founded on a logic of “subordinate inclusion,” which continued to reproduce ethnic and cultural inequalities even after the end of the military campaigns. The work concludes with a reflection on subaltern memories and indigenous testimonies that emerge as voices of resistance, capable of challenging the official version of history. From this perspective, the study seeks to restore the full complexity of Argentine history, showing how the social and cultural hierarchies formed in the 19th century continue to shape, even today, the dynamics of collective memory, citizenship, and national belonging.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
tesi definitivo.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
1.49 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.49 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/98590