Migration policies within the institutional agenda are set within a strongly polarized context, both at the political level and due to a widespread culture of rejection that present migration as an emergency. It is now clear, however, that this is a structural phenomenon requiring appropriate policy measures and a clear assumption of responsibility by managing bodies. This paper aims to analyse how administrative inefficiencies and the fragmented governance of the reception system concretely affect the implementation of international protection pathways. In public debate, in fact, there is often little reflection on the actual quality of the management of reception and protection processes. First, starting with a conceptual framework on public accountability and policy failure, the analysis will examine the operational and institutional shortcomings that generate negative consequences with direct effects on beneficiaries. The outcome of these shortcomings include legal vulnerability, repeated asylum applications, and continuous re-entry into reception projects. The aim is to highlight how the current reception system, fragmented and often inefficient, not only slows down integration and protection processes but also contributes to reproducing situations of marginalisation, increasing the administrative burden and exacerbating social exclusion. However, the policy cycle shows that it is always possible and necessary to activate feedback processes to correct inefficiencies and address governance gaps.
Le politiche migratorie all’interno dell’agenda istituzionale si collocano in un contesto fortemente polarizzato, sia sul piano politico, sia per effetto di una diffusa cultura di respingimento, che presenta la migrazione come un’emergenza. È ormai evidente, tuttavia, che si tratta di un fenomeno strutturale, che richiede misure di policy adeguate e un’assunzione di responsabilità da parte degli enti gestori. Questo elaborato si propone di analizzare in quali modalità le inefficienze amministrative e la governance frammentata del sistema di accoglienza, gravino concretamente sull’implementazione dei percorsi di protezione internazionale. Spesso, infatti, nell’opinione pubblica viene tralasciata la riflessione concernente la qualità effettiva della gestione dei percorsi di accoglienza e protezione. In primo luogo, partendo da un inquadramento concettuale riguardante l’accountability pubblica e il policy failure, saranno approfondite le criticità operative e istituzionali che generano conseguenze negative con effetti diretti sui beneficiari. Gli esiti di tali ripercussioni, includono vulnerabilità legale, reiterazione delle domande di asilo e continui inserimenti nei progetti di accoglienza. L’obiettivo è evidenziare come l’attuale sistema di accoglienza, frammentato e spesso inefficiente, non solo rallenti i percorsi di integrazione e protezione, ma contribuisca a riprodurre situazioni di marginalità, comportando un aggravamento del carico amministrativo e un’accentuazione dell'esclusione sociale. Il policy cycle, tuttavia, dimostra come sia sempre possibile e necessario attivare il processo di retroazione per correggere inefficienze e colmare lacune di governance.
Il sistema di accoglienza per i richiedenti di protezione internazionale: tra policy failure e responsabilità diffusa
DEMARCHI, CRISTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
Migration policies within the institutional agenda are set within a strongly polarized context, both at the political level and due to a widespread culture of rejection that present migration as an emergency. It is now clear, however, that this is a structural phenomenon requiring appropriate policy measures and a clear assumption of responsibility by managing bodies. This paper aims to analyse how administrative inefficiencies and the fragmented governance of the reception system concretely affect the implementation of international protection pathways. In public debate, in fact, there is often little reflection on the actual quality of the management of reception and protection processes. First, starting with a conceptual framework on public accountability and policy failure, the analysis will examine the operational and institutional shortcomings that generate negative consequences with direct effects on beneficiaries. The outcome of these shortcomings include legal vulnerability, repeated asylum applications, and continuous re-entry into reception projects. The aim is to highlight how the current reception system, fragmented and often inefficient, not only slows down integration and protection processes but also contributes to reproducing situations of marginalisation, increasing the administrative burden and exacerbating social exclusion. However, the policy cycle shows that it is always possible and necessary to activate feedback processes to correct inefficiencies and address governance gaps.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/98605