The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) represents one of the most economically and culturally significant crops worldwide, but it is frequently affected by fungal pathogens, among which Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mold, is particularly damaging. The management of this disease has traditionally relied on the use of synthetic fungicides, whose continuous application raises concerns related to the development of resistant strains, environmental impact, and the increasing demand for sustainable plant protection strategies. In this context, the search for eco-friendly and innovative alternatives plays a crucial role, and natural resistance inducers, such as peptides and yeast derivatives, are emerging as promising tools to enhance the endogenous defense mechanisms of the plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different peptide and yeast-derived formulations as resistance inducers in Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot and Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13, with particular attention to their ability to reduce the incidence and severity of Botrytis cinerea infections. Semi-fields trials on Merlot rooted cuttings were conducted during the 2025 growing season, specifically in May, under a protective tunnel. Treatments were applied at sensitive phenological stages following standardized protocols, using different types of resistance inducers. Subsequently, treated leaves were inoculated in the laboratory with B. cinerea to assess the effect of the products on disease development. The experimental design included treated and untreated control plants, and disease severity was assessed based on foliar symptom expression. Field trials were carried out at Società Agricola Espedito Angelo Lorenzon S.S., a winery located in the municipality of Ormelle (Treviso, Italy), in a vineyard of Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13. Treatments, involving different resistance inducers, were applied during June and July, corresponding to the phenological stages most susceptible to the disease. Grey mold progression was monitored weekly by assessing both incidence and severity of the symptoms. At the end of the growing season, in September, manual harvesting was performed, and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the different treatments were monitored. The results obtained from both semi-field and field experiments highlighted the effectiveness of certain resistance inducers, showing consistency between the two trials. In particular, field experiments yielded more promising results, as they allowed for a direct assessment of the treatments’ impact on grape yield and quality.
La vite (Vitis vinifera L.) rappresenta una delle colture di maggior rilevanza economica e culturale a livello globale, ma è frequentemente soggetta ad attacchi di patogeni fungini, tra cui Botrytis cinerea, agente causale della muffa grigia. La gestione di questa malattia si basa tradizionalmente sull’impiego di fungicidi di sintesi, il cui utilizzo continuativo comporta criticità legate allo sviluppo di resistenze, all’impatto ambientale e alla crescente richiesta di strategie di difesa sostenibili. In tale contesto, la ricerca di alternative ecocompatibili e innovative riveste un ruolo cruciale, e gli induttori di resistenza di origine naturale, come peptidi e derivati di lievito, stanno emergendo come strumenti promettenti per rafforzare i meccanismi di difesa endogeni della pianta. L’obiettivo della presente tesi è stato quello di valutare l’efficacia di differenti formulazioni a base di peptidi e derivati di lievito come induttori di resistenza in Vitis vinifera var. Merlot ed Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13, con particolare riferimento alla loro capacità di ridurre l’incidenza e la severità delle infezioni di B. cinerea. Le prove sperimentali su barbatelle di Merlot sono state condotte durante la stagione vegetativa 2025, in particolare nel mese di maggio, in tunnel. I trattamenti sono stati applicati in fasi fenologiche sensibili, secondo protocolli prestabiliti, utilizzando diverse tipologie di induttori, poi successivamente, in laboratorio è stato eseguito l’inoculo di B. cinerea su foglie. Il disegno sperimentale prevedeva il confronto tra tesi trattate e tesi di controllo non trattate, in modo da valutare l’effetto dei prodotti sia a livello fitosanitario che fisiologico. I rilievi hanno riguardato la severità dei sintomi di B. cinerea sulle foglie. Le prove sperimentali in campo sono state condotte presso la Società Agricola Espedito Angelo Lorenzon S.S., una cantina situata nel comune di Ormelle (TV), su un vigneto di Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13. I trattamenti, basati sull’impiego di differenti induttori di resistenza, sono stati effettuati nei mesi di giugno e luglio, in corrispondenza delle fasi fenologiche più sensibili alla malattia. L’andamento della muffa grigia è stato monitorato con cadenza settimanale, attraverso la rilevazione dell’incidenza e della severità dei sintomi. Al termine della stagione, nel mese di settembre, è stata eseguita la vendemmia manuale, durante la quale sono state rilevate le caratteristiche quantitative e qualitative delle uve oggetto della sperimentazione. I risultati ottenuti, sia nelle prove in tunnel che in pieno campo, hanno evidenziato l’efficacia di alcuni induttori di resistenza, mostrando una continuità di risposta tra le due sperimentazioni. In particolare, le prove in vigneto hanno fornito risultati più promettenti, in quanto consentono di valutare direttamente l’effetto dei trattamenti sulla produttività e sulla qualità delle uve.
Sperimentazione di peptidi e derivati di lievito come induttori di resistenza in Vitis vinifera var. Merlot e Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13
PRADAL, LORENZO
2024/2025
Abstract
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) represents one of the most economically and culturally significant crops worldwide, but it is frequently affected by fungal pathogens, among which Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mold, is particularly damaging. The management of this disease has traditionally relied on the use of synthetic fungicides, whose continuous application raises concerns related to the development of resistant strains, environmental impact, and the increasing demand for sustainable plant protection strategies. In this context, the search for eco-friendly and innovative alternatives plays a crucial role, and natural resistance inducers, such as peptides and yeast derivatives, are emerging as promising tools to enhance the endogenous defense mechanisms of the plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different peptide and yeast-derived formulations as resistance inducers in Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot and Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13, with particular attention to their ability to reduce the incidence and severity of Botrytis cinerea infections. Semi-fields trials on Merlot rooted cuttings were conducted during the 2025 growing season, specifically in May, under a protective tunnel. Treatments were applied at sensitive phenological stages following standardized protocols, using different types of resistance inducers. Subsequently, treated leaves were inoculated in the laboratory with B. cinerea to assess the effect of the products on disease development. The experimental design included treated and untreated control plants, and disease severity was assessed based on foliar symptom expression. Field trials were carried out at Società Agricola Espedito Angelo Lorenzon S.S., a winery located in the municipality of Ormelle (Treviso, Italy), in a vineyard of Incrocio Manzoni 6.0.13. Treatments, involving different resistance inducers, were applied during June and July, corresponding to the phenological stages most susceptible to the disease. Grey mold progression was monitored weekly by assessing both incidence and severity of the symptoms. At the end of the growing season, in September, manual harvesting was performed, and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the different treatments were monitored. The results obtained from both semi-field and field experiments highlighted the effectiveness of certain resistance inducers, showing consistency between the two trials. In particular, field experiments yielded more promising results, as they allowed for a direct assessment of the treatments’ impact on grape yield and quality.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99206