In recent years, natural disturbances have been steadily increasing. This issue is linked to climate change, which has led to the emergence of new phenomena that have severely affected the entire forest heritage. Even in Trentino, significant impact has been recorded, with extensive damage to forest ecosystems. Phenomena such as windthrows caused by the “Vaia” storm and subsequent infestations by bark beetles, particularly Ips typographus, have highlighted the vulnerability of forest stands. In this context, natural regeneration represents a key element for the restoration of forest stands and damaged areas. This study focuses on natural regeneration in forests on Valcava, located in Val dei Mocheni (TN), in an area that in recent years has been affected by disturbances related to the Vaia storm in 2018 and subsequently by bark beetle (Ips typographus) attacks. The aim of the study is to investigate the presence and characteristics of natural regeneration established following these events, collecting data useful to understand the development dynamics of young cohorts. The survey was carried in forests plot located in two distinct slopes in Valcava, through the sampling and analysis of ten circular areas (plot). In each plot, seedlings of natural regeneration were surveyed and identified. For each specimen, measurements of height and diameter were conducted, including estimation of age. Subsequently, for each plot, several parameters were recorded, such as a ground cover, presence of deadwood or rocks, average slope, and the prevailing aspect of the sapling plot. These measurements may allow us to assess the effect of site characteristics on the regenerating seedlings. The study analyses two distinct forest compartments in Valcava, compartments 18 and 21, with the aim evaluating the forest’s response according to the different degree of disturbances experienced, and of quantifying and characterizing the forest regeneration present in the study area, to describe the modes of establishments following disturbances. The results revealed significant differences between the two compartments analysed: compartment 21 showed more abundant larch regeneration, while compartment 18 exhibited greater regeneration of Norway spruce. These differences reflect the specific ecological conditions and the varying degree of tree canopy cover.
Negli ultimi anni i disturbi naturali sono in continuo aumento. Questa problematica è legata ai cambiamenti climatici, che hanno favorito l’insorgenza di nuovi fenomeni capaci di colpire profondamente l’intero patrimonio forestale. Anche in Trentino si registrano effetti significativi, con danni estesi agli ecosistemi boschivi. Fenomeni come schianti da venti provocati dalla tempesta “Vaia”, successive infestazioni da parte degli scolitidi, in particolare da Ips typographus, hanno messo in evidenza la vulnerabilità dei popolamenti forestali. In questo contesto, la rinnovazione naturale rappresenta un elemento fondamentale per la ricostruzione dei popolamenti e delle aree danneggiate. Questo lavoro, infatti, si concentra sulla rinnovazione naturale in boschi della Valcava, situata in Val dei Mocheni (TN), su di un’area che negli ultimi anni è stata interessata da disturbi legati alla Tempesta “Vaia” del 2018 e successivamente ad attacchi di bostrico (Ips typographus). Lo studio ha l’obiettivo di investigare la presenza e le caratteristiche della rinnovazione naturale insediatasi in seguito a tali eventi, raccogliendo dati utili per comprendere le dinamiche di sviluppo delle giovani coorti. L’indagine è stata condotta in particelle forestali site su due versanti distinti della Valcava, mediante il campionamento e l’analisi di 10 aree circolari (plot). In ogni plot è stato effettuato il rilievo e l’identificazione delle piantine di rinnovazione. Su ciascun esemplare sono stati eseguiti rilievi dendrometrici, con la determinazione di età, altezza e diametro. Quindi successivamente si sono rilevati alcuni dei parametri del contorno di ciascun nucleo di rinnovazione quali le coperture al suolo, la presenza di necromassa o sassi, la pendenza media e l’esposizione prevalente della plot di campionamento. Tale rilievo ci potrà eventualmente consentire di verificare l’effetto delle caratteristiche del sito di insediamento sulle piantine della rinnovazione. Il lavoro analizza due particelle distinte della Valcava, la particella 18 e 21, con l’obiettivo di valutare la risposta del bosco in base al differente grado di disturbo subito e quantificare la rinnovazione forestale presente nell’area di studio e caratterizzarla per delineare le modalità di insediamento successive ai disturbi. I risultati hanno evidenziato differenze significative nelle due particelle analizzate: la particella 21 mostra una rinnovazione più abbondante di larice, mentre la particella 18 mostra una rinnovazione più abbondante di abete rosso. Queste differenze rispecchiano le specifiche condizioni ecologiche e il diverso grado di copertura del soprassuolo.
Studio e caratterizzazione della rinnovazione naturale in boschi interessati dalla tempesta Vaia e dall’attacco di Ips typographus L. In Valcava (TN)
OSS CHEMPER, ELISA
2024/2025
Abstract
In recent years, natural disturbances have been steadily increasing. This issue is linked to climate change, which has led to the emergence of new phenomena that have severely affected the entire forest heritage. Even in Trentino, significant impact has been recorded, with extensive damage to forest ecosystems. Phenomena such as windthrows caused by the “Vaia” storm and subsequent infestations by bark beetles, particularly Ips typographus, have highlighted the vulnerability of forest stands. In this context, natural regeneration represents a key element for the restoration of forest stands and damaged areas. This study focuses on natural regeneration in forests on Valcava, located in Val dei Mocheni (TN), in an area that in recent years has been affected by disturbances related to the Vaia storm in 2018 and subsequently by bark beetle (Ips typographus) attacks. The aim of the study is to investigate the presence and characteristics of natural regeneration established following these events, collecting data useful to understand the development dynamics of young cohorts. The survey was carried in forests plot located in two distinct slopes in Valcava, through the sampling and analysis of ten circular areas (plot). In each plot, seedlings of natural regeneration were surveyed and identified. For each specimen, measurements of height and diameter were conducted, including estimation of age. Subsequently, for each plot, several parameters were recorded, such as a ground cover, presence of deadwood or rocks, average slope, and the prevailing aspect of the sapling plot. These measurements may allow us to assess the effect of site characteristics on the regenerating seedlings. The study analyses two distinct forest compartments in Valcava, compartments 18 and 21, with the aim evaluating the forest’s response according to the different degree of disturbances experienced, and of quantifying and characterizing the forest regeneration present in the study area, to describe the modes of establishments following disturbances. The results revealed significant differences between the two compartments analysed: compartment 21 showed more abundant larch regeneration, while compartment 18 exhibited greater regeneration of Norway spruce. These differences reflect the specific ecological conditions and the varying degree of tree canopy cover.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99503