In this study, through dendrochronological analysis, it was possible to investigate the possible effects of drought periods on tree-rings of Picea abies, Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica at an altitude of 760 m above sea level, outside the natural distribution of the spruce. In addition, the response to climatic variations of these species at different sites in western Trentino was analysed. The plot, where the coring was carried out, is located on the slopes of Mount Misone in the municipality of Fiavè (TN) and consists of a silver fir stand calcicolous with beech and spruce replacement. The samples were then measured in the laboratory and the growth series corrected and detrendized using special software. Subsequently, the average chronologies were correlated with the meteorological variables of precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature and the drought indices SPI and SPEI for the period 1970-2024; the same was done for chronologies of the same species coming from two other sites in Trentino located at an altitude of 1400 and 1450 m above sea level. In the three sites, spruce and silver fir behave similarly even if they are at different altitudes and it is very clear how the spruce present in the Fiavé site has been affected for several years by the 2003 heat and drought wave. Few significant values were obtained from the climate correlations analyses. A fact to be underline is that the precipitation emerges significantly positive in the average of the months from May to July of the same year for the fir and, more markedly, for the spruce. These results highlight how the spruce responds to increased water stress and summer temperatures by reducing increments which, in the long run, could lead to a decrease in the vitality of the species itself. Finally, for the beech, studied in only two sites, the behaviour is clearly different and there are no significant correlations with climatic variables, highlighting the fact that it is more influenced by local factors such as late frosts which are highly dependent on altitude.
In questo studio, attraverso l’analisi dendrocronologica, è stato possibile indagare gli eventuali effetti di periodi siccitosi sulla dimensione degli anelli di accrescimento di Picea abies, Abies alba e Fagus sylvatica a una quota di 760 m s.l.m., al di fuori della naturale distribuzione dell’abete rosso. Inoltre, si è analizzata la risposta alle variazioni climatiche di queste specie in diversi siti del Trentino occidentale. La particella dove sono stati svolti i carotaggi è situata alle pendici del monte Misone nel comune di Fiavè (TN) ed è composta da un abieteto calcicolo con faggio e abete rosso di sostituzione. I campioni sono stati misurati in laboratorio e le serie di accrescimento corrette e standardizzate tramite appositi software. Successivamente le cronologie medie sono state correlate con le variabili metereologiche di precipitazioni, temperatura minima e massima e gli indici di siccità SPI e SPEI per il periodo 1970-2024; lo stesso è stato effettuato per le cronologie delle stesse specie provenienti da altri due siti in Trentino posti ad un’altitudine di 1400 e 1450 m s.l.m.. Nei tre siti, è risultato che l’abete rosso e l’abete bianco si comportino in maniera similare anche se si trovano a quote differenti ed emerge molto chiaramente come l’abete rosso presente nel sito di Fiavé abbia risentito per diversi anni dell’ondata di siccità e calore del 2003. Dalle analisi delle correlazioni con il clima si sono ottenuti pochi valori significativi. Un dato da sottolineare è quello delle precipitazioni che emergono significativamente positive nella media dei mesi da maggio a luglio dello stesso anno per l’abete bianco e, in modo più marcato, per l’abete rosso. Questi risultati evidenziano come l’abete rosso risponda all’aumento dello stress idrico e delle temperature estive tramite una riduzione degli incrementi che, a lungo andare, potrebbe portare a una diminuzione della vitalità della specie stessa. Infine, per il faggio, studiato solo in due siti, il comportamento è nettamente diverso e non si riscontano correlazioni significative con le variabili climatiche, evidenziando il fatto che sia più influenzato da fattori locali quali le gelate tardive che dipendono molto dalla quota.
Analisi dendrocronologica sulla risposta al clima di Abies alba, Picea abies e Fagus sylvatica nel comune di Fiavé (TN)
RICCADONNA, MARIA
2024/2025
Abstract
In this study, through dendrochronological analysis, it was possible to investigate the possible effects of drought periods on tree-rings of Picea abies, Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica at an altitude of 760 m above sea level, outside the natural distribution of the spruce. In addition, the response to climatic variations of these species at different sites in western Trentino was analysed. The plot, where the coring was carried out, is located on the slopes of Mount Misone in the municipality of Fiavè (TN) and consists of a silver fir stand calcicolous with beech and spruce replacement. The samples were then measured in the laboratory and the growth series corrected and detrendized using special software. Subsequently, the average chronologies were correlated with the meteorological variables of precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature and the drought indices SPI and SPEI for the period 1970-2024; the same was done for chronologies of the same species coming from two other sites in Trentino located at an altitude of 1400 and 1450 m above sea level. In the three sites, spruce and silver fir behave similarly even if they are at different altitudes and it is very clear how the spruce present in the Fiavé site has been affected for several years by the 2003 heat and drought wave. Few significant values were obtained from the climate correlations analyses. A fact to be underline is that the precipitation emerges significantly positive in the average of the months from May to July of the same year for the fir and, more markedly, for the spruce. These results highlight how the spruce responds to increased water stress and summer temperatures by reducing increments which, in the long run, could lead to a decrease in the vitality of the species itself. Finally, for the beech, studied in only two sites, the behaviour is clearly different and there are no significant correlations with climatic variables, highlighting the fact that it is more influenced by local factors such as late frosts which are highly dependent on altitude.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99506