Context: Burnout represents a highly relevant issue in healthcare and is particularly prevalent among nurses. In the field of mental health, the complexity of care, the high emotional involvement, and the exposure to stressful relational situations place healthcare workers at even greater risk compared to other care settings. Objective: To analyze, through a literature review, the causes, personal and professional consequences, and prevention and management strategies of burnout among nurses working in mental health services, comparing the findings with those reported in other healthcare contexts. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, including ten scientific articles published between 2012 and 2025 and available in full text. The selected works include observational studies, comparative studies, and systematic reviews with meta-analyses, with particular attention to those investigating nursing staff in psychiatric settings. Results: The analysis of the articles highlights common risk factors (high workload, long shifts, staff shortages, poor organizational support) as well as factors specific to the psychiatric context, such as exposure to aggressive behaviors and strong emotional involvement. The consequences affect both the personal sphere (stress, depressive symptoms, reduced job satisfaction, turnover) and the organizational one (decline in care quality and safety, increase in clinical errors). Some studies report effective interventions, including mindfulness programs, resilience strategies, and strengthening organizational support. Conclusions: Burnout among psychiatric nurses represents a complex issue, with significant consequences for both the well-being of healthcare workers and the quality of care. It is essential to adopt prevention strategies at the individual, organizational, and institutional levels to reduce the impact of the phenomenon and ensure safe and high-quality patient care.
Contesto: Il burnout rappresenta un problema molto importante in ambito sanitario ed è particolarmente diffuso tra gli infermieri. Nel contesto della salute mentale, la complessità assistenziale, l'elevato coinvolgimento emotivo e l'esposizione a situazioni di stress relazionale pongono gli operatori a un rischio ancora maggiore rispetto ad altri contesti assistenziali. Obiettivo: Analizzare, attraverso una revisione della letteratura, le cause, le conseguenze personali e professionali e le strategie di prevenzione e gestione del burnout tra gli infermieri che operano nei servizi di salute mentale, confrontando i dati con quanto riportato negli altri contesti assistenziali. Metodi: È stata condotta una revisione narrativa della letteratura, includendo dieci articoli scientifici pubblicati tra il 2012 e il 2025 e disponibili in full-text. I lavori selezionati comprendono studi osservazionali, studi comparativi e revisioni sistematiche e meta-analisi, con particolare attenzione a quelli che indagano il personale infermieristico in ambito psichiatrico. Risultati: Dall’analisi degli articoli emergono fattori di rischio comuni (elevato carico di lavoro, turni prolungati, carenza di personale, scarso supporto organizzativo) e fattori specifici del contesto psichiatrico, come l’esposizione a comportamenti aggressivi e il forte coinvolgimento emotivo. Le conseguenze riguardano sia la sfera personale (stress, sintomi depressivi, ridotta soddisfazione professionale, turnover) sia quella organizzativa (calo della qualità e della sicurezza delle cure, aumento degli errori clinici). Alcuni studi riportano interventi efficaci, tra cui programmi di mindfulness, strategie di resilienza e il potenziamento del supporto organizzativo. Conclusioni: Il burnout negli infermieri dell’area psichiatrica rappresenta un problema complesso, con conseguenze importanti sul benessere degli operatori e sulla qualità assistenziale. È fondamentale adottare strategie di prevenzione a livello individuale, organizzativo e istituzionale per ridurre l’impatto del fenomeno e garantire cure sicure e di qualità ai pazienti.
Fragilità e forza: comprendere e prevenire il burnout negli infermieri di salute mentale
VISTOVSCAIA, FELICIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Context: Burnout represents a highly relevant issue in healthcare and is particularly prevalent among nurses. In the field of mental health, the complexity of care, the high emotional involvement, and the exposure to stressful relational situations place healthcare workers at even greater risk compared to other care settings. Objective: To analyze, through a literature review, the causes, personal and professional consequences, and prevention and management strategies of burnout among nurses working in mental health services, comparing the findings with those reported in other healthcare contexts. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, including ten scientific articles published between 2012 and 2025 and available in full text. The selected works include observational studies, comparative studies, and systematic reviews with meta-analyses, with particular attention to those investigating nursing staff in psychiatric settings. Results: The analysis of the articles highlights common risk factors (high workload, long shifts, staff shortages, poor organizational support) as well as factors specific to the psychiatric context, such as exposure to aggressive behaviors and strong emotional involvement. The consequences affect both the personal sphere (stress, depressive symptoms, reduced job satisfaction, turnover) and the organizational one (decline in care quality and safety, increase in clinical errors). Some studies report effective interventions, including mindfulness programs, resilience strategies, and strengthening organizational support. Conclusions: Burnout among psychiatric nurses represents a complex issue, with significant consequences for both the well-being of healthcare workers and the quality of care. It is essential to adopt prevention strategies at the individual, organizational, and institutional levels to reduce the impact of the phenomenon and ensure safe and high-quality patient care.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99822