Working hypothesis: Nonverbal communication is a multimodal system composed of a set of voluntary and involuntary processes that are complex and interactive. Among the different forms of nonverbal communication, gesturing occupies a prominent position. Gesture production follows sequential phases of planning, implementation, and evaluation, which are closely integrated with cognitive and linguistic processes. The gestural channel contributes to the transmission of information and emotions, while also facilitating verbal comprehension and production. In individuals with communication–language disorders of neurological origin, particularly people with aphasia, gesturing plays an important role in supporting comprehension and production processes, sustaining attention, and contributing to the regulation of interaction, although the quality, frequency, and type of gestures vary depending on the nature and severity of the disorder. However, the lack of standardized and shared tools for assessing gestural behavior limits the comparability of results and the effective analysis of gestural communicative abilities. The aim of this thesis is therefore the development and content validation of the Assessment of Communicative Gestures (ACG) scale, which evaluates the use of communicative gestures in adults with communication–language disorders of neurological origin. Materials and methods: Based on a review of the preliminary version of the scale developed by Dr. Sara Nordio, PhD (Nordio, 2025, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Repository, Milan), a group of experts developed the protocol, manual, and glossary for the scale. This material was subjected to content validation through the judgment of 15 expert speech-language pathologists via completion of a Google Form. The responses provided by the clinicians were analyzed using standard psychometric indicators: I-CVI (Item-Content Validity Index) and Modified Kappa, S-CVI/UA (Scale-level Content Validity Index/Universal Agreement), and S-CVI/Avg (Scale-level Content Validity Index/Average). Results: The analyses showed high item-level content validity indices (I-CVI = 0.80–1.00; Modified Kappa = 0.80–1.00) and good content validity values for the overall scale (S-CVI/Avg = 0.93–1.00; S-CVI/UA = 0.43–1.00). Subsequent revisions of the items and of certain aspects of the protocol and manual improved the clarity and completeness of the scale. Conclusions: The ACG scale proves to be a tool with good content validity, solid theoretical grounding, and usefulness for evaluating communicative gesturing in adults with neurological disorders. The availability of a tool such as the ACG can make the assessment of communicative gestures more objective, providing a basis for planning targeted interventions, and may also strengthen the scientific recognition of gesture as an integral and meaningful part of communication by providing a shared and validated instrument.
Ipotesi di lavoro: La comunicazione non verbale è un sistema multimodale, costituito da un insieme di processi volontari e involontari, complessi e interattivi. Tra le diverse forme di comunicazione non verbale, la gestualità occupa una posizione di rilievo. La produzione dei gesti segue fasi sequenziali di pianificazione, attuazione e valutazione, strettamente integrate ai processi cognitivi e linguistici. Il canale gestuale contribuisce alla trasmissione di informazioni ed emozioni, facilitando al contempo la comprensione e la produzione verbale. In individui con disturbi comunicativo-linguistici ad eziologia neurologica, in particolare in persone con afasia, la gestualità risulta importante per facilitare i processi di comprensione e produzione, sostenere l’attenzione e contribuire alla regolazione dell’interazione, sebbene la qualità, la frequenza e la tipologia dei gesti varino a seconda del tipo e della gravità del disturbo. Tuttavia, la mancanza di strumenti standardizzati e condivisi per la valutazione della gestualità limita la comparabilità dei risultati e l’analisi efficace dell’abilità comunicativa gestuale. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro di tesi è dunque lo sviluppo e la validazione di contenuto della scala Assessment of Communicative Gestures (ACG) che valuta l’uso della gestualità comunicativa in adulti con disturbi comunicativo-linguistici ad eziologia neurologica. Materiali e metodi: A partire da una revisione della versione preliminare della scala, sviluppata dalla dott.ssa PhD Sara Nordio (Nordio, 2025, Repository Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano), un gruppo di esperti ha sviluppato il protocollo, il manuale ed il glossario della scala. Questo materiale è stato sottoposto a validazione di contenuto tramite il giudizio di 15 logopedisti esperti attraverso la compilazione di un Google form. Le risposte date dai logopedisti nel Google form sono state analizzate attraverso indicatori psicometrici standard: I-CVI (Item-Content Validity Index) e kappa modificato (Modified Kappa), S-CVI/UA(Scale-level Content Validity Index/ Universal Agreement), e S-CVI/Avg (Scale-level Content Validity Index/ Average). Risultati: Le analisi hanno mostrato indici di validità di contenuto degli item elevati (I-CVI = 0.80-1.00; kappa modificato = 0.80-1.00) e buoni valori di validità di contenuto della scala complessiva (S-CVI/Avg = 0.93-1.00; e S-CVI/UA = 0.43-1.00). Le successive revisioni degli item e di alcuni aspetti del protocollo e del manuale hanno migliorato la chiarezza e la completezza della scala. Conclusioni: La scala ACG risulta essere uno strumento con una buona validità di contenuto, teoricamente fondato ed utile per la valutazione della gestualità comunicativa in adulti con disturbi neurologici. La disponibilità di uno strumento come l’ACG potrà rendere più oggettiva la valutazione del gesto comunicativo a partire dalla quale si potranno pianificare trattamenti mirati, e potrà inoltre rafforzare il riconoscimento scientifico del gesto come parte integrante e significativa della comunicazione, avendo a disposizione uno strumento condiviso e validato.
Sviluppo e validazione di una scala per la valutazione della gestualità comunicativa in adulti con patologie neurologiche
RALLO, ALICE
2024/2025
Abstract
Working hypothesis: Nonverbal communication is a multimodal system composed of a set of voluntary and involuntary processes that are complex and interactive. Among the different forms of nonverbal communication, gesturing occupies a prominent position. Gesture production follows sequential phases of planning, implementation, and evaluation, which are closely integrated with cognitive and linguistic processes. The gestural channel contributes to the transmission of information and emotions, while also facilitating verbal comprehension and production. In individuals with communication–language disorders of neurological origin, particularly people with aphasia, gesturing plays an important role in supporting comprehension and production processes, sustaining attention, and contributing to the regulation of interaction, although the quality, frequency, and type of gestures vary depending on the nature and severity of the disorder. However, the lack of standardized and shared tools for assessing gestural behavior limits the comparability of results and the effective analysis of gestural communicative abilities. The aim of this thesis is therefore the development and content validation of the Assessment of Communicative Gestures (ACG) scale, which evaluates the use of communicative gestures in adults with communication–language disorders of neurological origin. Materials and methods: Based on a review of the preliminary version of the scale developed by Dr. Sara Nordio, PhD (Nordio, 2025, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Repository, Milan), a group of experts developed the protocol, manual, and glossary for the scale. This material was subjected to content validation through the judgment of 15 expert speech-language pathologists via completion of a Google Form. The responses provided by the clinicians were analyzed using standard psychometric indicators: I-CVI (Item-Content Validity Index) and Modified Kappa, S-CVI/UA (Scale-level Content Validity Index/Universal Agreement), and S-CVI/Avg (Scale-level Content Validity Index/Average). Results: The analyses showed high item-level content validity indices (I-CVI = 0.80–1.00; Modified Kappa = 0.80–1.00) and good content validity values for the overall scale (S-CVI/Avg = 0.93–1.00; S-CVI/UA = 0.43–1.00). Subsequent revisions of the items and of certain aspects of the protocol and manual improved the clarity and completeness of the scale. Conclusions: The ACG scale proves to be a tool with good content validity, solid theoretical grounding, and usefulness for evaluating communicative gesturing in adults with neurological disorders. The availability of a tool such as the ACG can make the assessment of communicative gestures more objective, providing a basis for planning targeted interventions, and may also strengthen the scientific recognition of gesture as an integral and meaningful part of communication by providing a shared and validated instrument.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99911