The Self-Determination Theory (SDT), developed by Deci and Ryan (2000), represents one of the most solid theoretical frameworks for understanding motivational processes in the educational field. At the core of this theory lie three fundamental psychological needs — autonomy, competence, and relatedness — whose fulfillment fosters self-determined, goal-oriented motivation that is associated with well-being and effective learning. This thesis aims to analyze the application of SDT in the school context, with a specific focus on the effectiveness of its practices across different educational levels: preschool, primary, secondary, and university. After an initial theoretical framing, based on the seminal article “The ‘What’ and ‘Why’ of Goal Pursuits” (Deci & Ryan, 2000), the thesis examines a selection of experimental and applied studies that test the theory in concrete educational settings. The analyzed studies address various aspects: from promoting physical activity in children to managing stress in university students, and strengthening resilience and motivation in adolescents through physical education. The results largely confirm the validity of the SDT model in improving motivation and academic performance, while also highlighting some differences across contexts. The thesis also includes a critical reflection on the limits of SDT, including its presumed cultural universality and the difficulty of translating theoretical principles into sustainable teaching practices within today’s school system. The ultimate goal is to propose an integrated view of school motivation that, while recognizing the potential of SDT, also takes into account the real challenges of the contemporary educational world.
La Self-Determination Theory (SDT), elaborata da Deci e Ryan (2000), rappresenta una delle cornici teoriche più solide nello per comprendere i processi motivazionali in ambito educativo. Al centro di questa teoria ci sono tre bisogni psicologici fondamentali — autonomia, competenza e relazionalità — la cui soddisfazione favorisce una motivazione autodeterminata, orientata e associata a benessere e apprendimento efficace. Questa tesi si propone di analizzare l’applicazione della SDT in ambito scolastico, con un focus specifico sull’efficacia delle sue pratiche nei diversi gradi d’istruzione: scuola dell’infanzia, primaria, secondaria e universitaria. Dopo un inquadramento teorico iniziale, fondato sull’articolo cardine “The ‘What’ and ‘Why’ of Goal Pursuits” Deci & Ryan (2000), la tesi esamina una selezione di alcuni articoli sperimentali e applicativi che mettono alla prova la teoria in contesti educativi concreti. Gli studi analizzati affrontano vari aspetti: dalla promozione dell’attività fisica nei bambini alla gestione dello stress negli studenti universitari, fino al rafforzamento della resilienza e della motivazione negli adolescenti attraverso l’educazione fisica. I risultati confermano, in larga parte, la validità del modello SDT nel migliorare la motivazione e la performance scolastica, pur evidenziando alcune differenze tra i contesti. La tesi include inoltre una riflessione critica sui limiti della SDT, tra cui la sua presunta universalità culturale e la difficoltà di tradurre i principi teorici in pratiche didattiche sostenibili nel sistema scolastico attuale. L’obiettivo finale è proporre una visione integrata della motivazione scolastica che, pur riconoscendo le potenzialità della SDT, tenga conto delle sfide reali del mondo educativo contemporaneo.
LA TEORIA DELL’AUTODETERMINAZIONE NELL’INSEGNAMENTO DELL’ATTIVITA’ MOTORIA
CUSINATO, DAVID SAMUEL
2024/2025
Abstract
The Self-Determination Theory (SDT), developed by Deci and Ryan (2000), represents one of the most solid theoretical frameworks for understanding motivational processes in the educational field. At the core of this theory lie three fundamental psychological needs — autonomy, competence, and relatedness — whose fulfillment fosters self-determined, goal-oriented motivation that is associated with well-being and effective learning. This thesis aims to analyze the application of SDT in the school context, with a specific focus on the effectiveness of its practices across different educational levels: preschool, primary, secondary, and university. After an initial theoretical framing, based on the seminal article “The ‘What’ and ‘Why’ of Goal Pursuits” (Deci & Ryan, 2000), the thesis examines a selection of experimental and applied studies that test the theory in concrete educational settings. The analyzed studies address various aspects: from promoting physical activity in children to managing stress in university students, and strengthening resilience and motivation in adolescents through physical education. The results largely confirm the validity of the SDT model in improving motivation and academic performance, while also highlighting some differences across contexts. The thesis also includes a critical reflection on the limits of SDT, including its presumed cultural universality and the difficulty of translating theoretical principles into sustainable teaching practices within today’s school system. The ultimate goal is to propose an integrated view of school motivation that, while recognizing the potential of SDT, also takes into account the real challenges of the contemporary educational world.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99929