This thesis analyzes the fatigue behavior of polypropylene specimens filled with calcium carbonate particles. The specimens, smooth and with lateral notches, are of two different types: Carboran (EA209), a virgin material, and Carborec (R2025), a material with a 25% recycled polypropylene matrix. The fatigue tests, conducted in the laboratory, were conducted for three different cycle ratios, R = -1, R = 0.05, and R = 0.5, and at two different temperatures, T = 23°C (room temperature) and T = 80°C. In literature were found some criteria which study the fatigue behavior of the polymers: Goodman, Gerber, Soderberg, Smith-Watson-Topper, Walker, Boerstra, ASME, Crawford, and Benham; in this thesis they are analyzed obtaining the necessary parameters using iterative methods. The synthesys diagrams (σa - σm) of the various criteria were evaluated, concluding that the Goodman model is the only model that allows for the safest estimate of fatigue strength without incurring sudden failures, at 2·106 cycles. By analyzing the behavior of the available specimens, using an equivalent stress and number of fatigue cycles (σeq -N) approach, it is observed that the Walker model is the only criterion that reliably describes all the data and cases observed in the laboratory. This criterion can be used to study the endurance stress of all smooth and notched Carboran and Carborec specimens, regardless of the average applied stress, provided that the specimens are all at the same temperature. The Ravi Chandran model has also been found in the literature, but it will be seen to be unreliable due to its strong sensitivity to the hypothesized parameters, which make it difficult to obtain a unique curve that best interpolates the entirety of the experimental data, keeping the gaps between the actual value and the interpolated curve small.
In questo lavoro di tesi viene analizzato il comportamento a fatica di provini di polipropilene caricato con particelle di carbonato di calcio; i provini, lisci e con intagli laterali, sono di due diverse tipologie: Carboran (EA209), materiale vergine, e Carborec (R2025), materiale la cui matrice di polipropilene è riciclata al 25%. Le prove a fatica, eseguite in laboratorio, sono state svolte per tre diversi rapporti di ciclo, R=-1, R=0,05 ed R=0,5, ed a due diverse temperature, T=23°C (temperatura ambiente) e T=80°C. Sono stati analizzati alcuni criteri di resistenza a fatica trovati in letteratura: Goodman, Gerber, Soderberg, Smith-Watson-Topper, Walker, Boerstra, ASME, Crawford e Benham, ricavando i relativi parametri necessari con metodi iterativi. Sono stati valutati i diagrammi di sintesi (σa - σm) dei vari criteri, arrivando alla conclusione che l’unico modello che permette di stimare la resistenza a fatica in vantaggio di sicurezza senza incorrere in cedimenti improvvisi è quello di Goodman, a 2 milioni di cicli. Analizzando il comportamento dei provini a disposizione, con un approccio di tensione equivalente e numero di cicli a fatica (σeq -N), si osserva, invece, che l’unico criterio che descrive in modo abbastanza attendibile la totalità dei dati e delle casistiche viste in laboratorio è il modello di Walker. Tale criterio può essere utilizzato per studiare la tensione di resistenza di tutti i provini di Carboran e Carborec lisci ed intagliati, indistintamente dalla tensione media applicata, a condizione che i provini siano tutti alla stessa temperatura. In letteratura è stato trovato anche il modello di Ravi Chandran che si vedrà non essere attendibile a causa della sua forte sensibilità ai parametri ipotizzati, che rendono difficile ottenere una curva univoca e tale da interpolare nel migliore dei modi la totalità dei dati sperimentali, mantenendo contenuti gli scarti tra valore reale e curva interpolante.
Sintesi del comportamento a fatica di un polipropilene vergine e riciclato a diversi rapporti di ciclo e temperature
MENON, FRANCESCA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the fatigue behavior of polypropylene specimens filled with calcium carbonate particles. The specimens, smooth and with lateral notches, are of two different types: Carboran (EA209), a virgin material, and Carborec (R2025), a material with a 25% recycled polypropylene matrix. The fatigue tests, conducted in the laboratory, were conducted for three different cycle ratios, R = -1, R = 0.05, and R = 0.5, and at two different temperatures, T = 23°C (room temperature) and T = 80°C. In literature were found some criteria which study the fatigue behavior of the polymers: Goodman, Gerber, Soderberg, Smith-Watson-Topper, Walker, Boerstra, ASME, Crawford, and Benham; in this thesis they are analyzed obtaining the necessary parameters using iterative methods. The synthesys diagrams (σa - σm) of the various criteria were evaluated, concluding that the Goodman model is the only model that allows for the safest estimate of fatigue strength without incurring sudden failures, at 2·106 cycles. By analyzing the behavior of the available specimens, using an equivalent stress and number of fatigue cycles (σeq -N) approach, it is observed that the Walker model is the only criterion that reliably describes all the data and cases observed in the laboratory. This criterion can be used to study the endurance stress of all smooth and notched Carboran and Carborec specimens, regardless of the average applied stress, provided that the specimens are all at the same temperature. The Ravi Chandran model has also been found in the literature, but it will be seen to be unreliable due to its strong sensitivity to the hypothesized parameters, which make it difficult to obtain a unique curve that best interpolates the entirety of the experimental data, keeping the gaps between the actual value and the interpolated curve small.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99955