Natural disasters represent a phenomenon that is steadily increasing in both frequency and intensity across the Italian territory. The extreme events that occur have significant consequences not only for the human population but also for animals. The effective management of animals during emergency situations plays a central role not only in ensuring animal welfare, but also in protecting public health, biosecurity, and safeguarding livestock production. This thesis analyzes the regulatory and institutional framework governing the management of animals during natural disasters in Italy, taking into account international, national, and local legislation. It highlights how coordination among institutions is essential to ensure timely and effective response efforts. Particular attention is given to the operational management of animals in emergency situations. The thesis addresses evacuation procedures, sheltering, triage, identification, and return to the rightful owner, along with biosecurity protocols, emergency farm plans, animal movement, feed management, and carcass disposal. A specific chapter is dedicated to the role of the veterinary technician, a figure that is increasingly important in supporting the veterinarian during rescue operations. The chapter explores operational activities, specific competencies, delegation possibilities, and the importance of specialized training in facing complex and potentially dangerous scenarios. Finally, a significant case study is presented: the 2016 Central Italy earthquake, with the aim of highlighting best practices, critical issues encountered, and possible areas for improvement. The objective of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of animal management during natural disasters, with particular focus on the role of the veterinary technician and the need for an integrated and multidisciplinary approach involving institutions, professionals, and volunteers, in order to ensure the protection of animal welfare and public health.
Le calamità naturali rappresentano un fenomeno in costante crescita sul territorio italiano, sia per frequenza che per intensità. Gli eventi estremi che si verificano provocano conseguenze rilevanti non solo per la popolazione umana, ma anche per gli animali. La gestione efficace degli animali durante situazioni di emergenza assume un ruolo centrale non solo per il benessere animale, ma anche per la salute pubblica, la biosicurezza e la tutela delle produzioni zootecniche. La presente tesi, analizza il quadro normativo e istituzionale che disciplina la gestione degli animali durante le catastrofi naturali in Italia, prendendo in considerazione sia le normative internazionali sia quelle nazionali e locali. Evidenzia come il coordinamento tra enti sia essenziale per garantire un intervento tempestivo ed efficace. Particolare attenzione viene dedicata alla gestione operativa degli animali in emergenza, distinguendo tra animali da compagnia e animali da reddito. Vengono trattate le modalità di evacuazione, accoglienza, triage, identificazione e ricongiungimento con i proprietari e gli allevatori, protocolli di biosicurezza, piani aziendali di emergenza, la movimentazione degli animali, la gestione degli alimenti e lo smaltimento delle carcasse. Un capitolo specifico è dedicato al ruolo del tecnico veterinario, figura sempre più rilevante nel supporto al medico veterinario durante le operazioni di soccorso. Vengono approfondite le attività operative, le competenze specifiche, le possibilità di delega e l’importanza della formazione specialistica per affrontare scenari complessi e potenzialmente pericolosi. Infine, viene riportato un caso significativo, il sisma del Centro Italia del 2016, con l’obiettivo di evidenziare buone pratiche, criticità emerse e possibili prospettive di miglioramento. L’obiettivo della tesi è fornire una panoramica completa e aggiornata sulla gestione degli animali durante le calamità naturali, con particolare attenzione al ruolo del tecnico veterinario e alla necessità di un approccio integrato e multidisciplinare tra enti, professionisti e volontari, al fine di garantire la tutela del benessere animale e della salute pubblica.
GESTIONE DEGLI ANIMALI DURANTE EVENTI EMERGENZIALI DI CALAMITÀ NATURALE: IL RUOLO DEL TECNICO VETERINARIO A SUPPORTO DEL MEDICO VETERINARIO
CRISTOFOLI, LISA
2024/2025
Abstract
Natural disasters represent a phenomenon that is steadily increasing in both frequency and intensity across the Italian territory. The extreme events that occur have significant consequences not only for the human population but also for animals. The effective management of animals during emergency situations plays a central role not only in ensuring animal welfare, but also in protecting public health, biosecurity, and safeguarding livestock production. This thesis analyzes the regulatory and institutional framework governing the management of animals during natural disasters in Italy, taking into account international, national, and local legislation. It highlights how coordination among institutions is essential to ensure timely and effective response efforts. Particular attention is given to the operational management of animals in emergency situations. The thesis addresses evacuation procedures, sheltering, triage, identification, and return to the rightful owner, along with biosecurity protocols, emergency farm plans, animal movement, feed management, and carcass disposal. A specific chapter is dedicated to the role of the veterinary technician, a figure that is increasingly important in supporting the veterinarian during rescue operations. The chapter explores operational activities, specific competencies, delegation possibilities, and the importance of specialized training in facing complex and potentially dangerous scenarios. Finally, a significant case study is presented: the 2016 Central Italy earthquake, with the aim of highlighting best practices, critical issues encountered, and possible areas for improvement. The objective of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of animal management during natural disasters, with particular focus on the role of the veterinary technician and the need for an integrated and multidisciplinary approach involving institutions, professionals, and volunteers, in order to ensure the protection of animal welfare and public health.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/101210