Introduction: the aging of the population represents a growing challenge for health systems, making the development of strategies aimed at the maintenance of functional skills and the promotion of active aging a priority. In this context, the World Health Organization introduced the construct of “Intrinsic Capacity”, understood as the set of physical and mental abilities of the individual, proposing a holistic approach to caring for the elderly. Despite the relevance of the topic, it is still unclear how well this concept is known and applied in daily clinical practice by physiotherapists. Objective: the aim of the study is to investigate, through a questionnaire, the degree of knowledge of the intrinsic capacity construct among physiotherapists operating in the area. It is also intended to evaluate the practices adopted regarding the prevention and promotion of healthy aging, as well as to compare the opinions and interventions implemented by professionals with the guidelines proposed by the WHO. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and PEDro databases, taking as main references the documents “World Report on Aging and Health” and “Integrated Care for Older People” of the WHO. Based on the evidence collected, a questionnaire was designed, pretested and administered via the Google Moduli platform, aimed at physiotherapists operating in public and private contexts. The questionnaire was completed anonymously. The tool investigated the knowledge and views of participants regarding active ageing and the intrinsic capacity construct. Results: The questionnaire data revealed a reduced knowledge of the intrinsic capacity construct and the guidelines developed by the WHO. It is also evident that physiotherapists perceive the presence of some barriers that hinder the realization of this model. Despite this, the opinions and practices adopted by physiotherapists are overall consistent with WHO indications. Conclusion: The results of the questionnaire highlight the need for greater information regarding the topic of intrinsic capacity. Consistency between the practices adopted by physiotherapists and what is proposed by WHO could favor the implementation of the integrated care model, although it would be appropriate to investigate more precisely the obstacles perceived by physiotherapists to make their implementation more effective and sustainable.
Introduzione: l’invecchiamento della popolazione rappresenta una sfida crescente per i sistemi sanitari, rendendo prioritario lo sviluppo di strategie volte al mantenimento delle abilità funzionali e alla promozione dell’invecchiamento attivo. In questo contesto, l’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità ha introdotto il costrutto di “Capacità Intrinseca”, intesa come l’insieme delle abilità fisiche e mentali dell’individuo, proponendo un approccio olistico alla presa in carico dell’anziano. Nonostante la rilevanza del tema, è ancora poco chiaro quanto questo concetto sia conosciuto e applicato nella pratica clinica quotidiana da parte dei fisioterapisti. Obiettivo: lo scopo dello studio è indagare, tramite un questionario, il grado di conoscenza del costrutto di capacità intrinseca tra i fisioterapisti operanti nel territorio. Si intende inoltre valutare le pratiche adottate in tema di prevenzione e promozione dell’invecchiamento in salute, nonché confrontare le opinioni e gli interventi messi in atto dai professionisti con le linee guida proposte dall’OMS. Materiali e metodi: è stata condotta una ricerca bibliografica utilizzando i database PubMed e PEDro, prendendo come riferimenti principali i documenti “World Report on Ageing and Health” e “Integrated Care for Older People” dell’OMS. Sulla base delle evidenze raccolte, è stato progettato, pretestato e somministrato un questionario tramite la piattaforma Google Moduli, rivolto a fisioterapisti operanti in contesti pubblici e privati. La compilazione del questionario è avvenuta in forma anonima. Lo strumento ha indagato le conoscenze e le opinioni dei partecipanti in merito all’invecchiamento attivo e al costrutto di capacità intrinseca. Risultati: dai dati del questionario è emersa una ridotta conoscenza del costrutto di capacità intrinseca e delle linee guida sviluppate dall’OMS. È inoltre evidente che i fisioterapisti percepiscono la presenza di alcune barriere che ostacolano la realizzazione di questo modello. Nonostante ciò, le opinioni e le pratiche adottate dai fisioterapisti risultano complessivamente coerenti con le indicazioni dell’OMS. Conclusione: i risultati del questionario evidenziano la necessità di una maggiore informazione riguardo il tema della capacità intrinseca. La coerenza tra le pratiche adottate dai fisioterapisti e quanto proposto dall’OMS potrebbe favorire l’implementazione del modello di assistenza integrata, anche se sarebbe opportuno indagare con maggiore precisione gli ostacoli percepiti dai fisioterapisti per renderne la realizzazione più efficace e sostenibile.
Invecchiamento attivo e capacità intrinseca: sviluppo di un questionario per indagare le competenze dei fisioterapisti del territorio
FANTINATO, MAURO
2024/2025
Abstract
Introduction: the aging of the population represents a growing challenge for health systems, making the development of strategies aimed at the maintenance of functional skills and the promotion of active aging a priority. In this context, the World Health Organization introduced the construct of “Intrinsic Capacity”, understood as the set of physical and mental abilities of the individual, proposing a holistic approach to caring for the elderly. Despite the relevance of the topic, it is still unclear how well this concept is known and applied in daily clinical practice by physiotherapists. Objective: the aim of the study is to investigate, through a questionnaire, the degree of knowledge of the intrinsic capacity construct among physiotherapists operating in the area. It is also intended to evaluate the practices adopted regarding the prevention and promotion of healthy aging, as well as to compare the opinions and interventions implemented by professionals with the guidelines proposed by the WHO. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and PEDro databases, taking as main references the documents “World Report on Aging and Health” and “Integrated Care for Older People” of the WHO. Based on the evidence collected, a questionnaire was designed, pretested and administered via the Google Moduli platform, aimed at physiotherapists operating in public and private contexts. The questionnaire was completed anonymously. The tool investigated the knowledge and views of participants regarding active ageing and the intrinsic capacity construct. Results: The questionnaire data revealed a reduced knowledge of the intrinsic capacity construct and the guidelines developed by the WHO. It is also evident that physiotherapists perceive the presence of some barriers that hinder the realization of this model. Despite this, the opinions and practices adopted by physiotherapists are overall consistent with WHO indications. Conclusion: The results of the questionnaire highlight the need for greater information regarding the topic of intrinsic capacity. Consistency between the practices adopted by physiotherapists and what is proposed by WHO could favor the implementation of the integrated care model, although it would be appropriate to investigate more precisely the obstacles perceived by physiotherapists to make their implementation more effective and sustainable.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/102919