This research analyzes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Italian public administration, with a particular focus on the case of INPS, a key institution in the national welfare system. After reconstructing the historical and regulatory evolution of AI and the relevant policy framework—from the Italian Strategy 2024-2026 to the European AI Act and the UN recommendations—the dissertation delves into the impact of AI in the public sector, highlighting its organizational, cultural, and ethical implications. The analysis highlights several key best practices, including the need for centralized governance, the adoption of public-private collaboration models, the development of widespread digital skills, and the promotion of transformational leadership capable of driving change. The INPS experience demonstrates how AI can translate into concrete benefits for citizens through document flow automation projects, chatbots, and customer service systems, which have improved the timeliness, accuracy, and efficiency of services. However, the research also highlights limitations and critical issues, such as the lack of resources and expertise in many administrations, the risks associated with data use, and the need to ensure the environmental sustainability of digital systems. Overall, the thesis reaffirms the strategic importance of AI for the modernization of the Italian public administration, pointing the way for responsible, transparent, and citizen-focused adoption.
La ricerca analizza il ruolo dell’intelligenza artificiale (IA) nella pubblica amministrazione italiana, con particolare attenzione al caso dell’INPS, ente cardine del sistema di welfare nazionale. Dopo aver ricostruito l’evoluzione storica e normativa dell’IA e il quadro politico di riferimento – dalla Strategia Italiana 2024-2026 all’AI Act europeo fino alle raccomandazioni ONU – la tesi approfondisce l’impatto dell’IA nel settore pubblico, evidenziandone le implicazioni organizzative, culturali ed etiche. Dall’analisi emergono alcune best practice fondamentali, tra cui la necessità di una governance centralizzata, l’adozione di modelli collaborativi pubblico-privato, lo sviluppo di competenze digitali diffuse e la promozione di una leadership trasformazionale capace di guidare il cambiamento. L’esperienza dell’INPS mostra come l’IA possa tradursi in benefici concreti per i cittadini, attraverso progetti di automazione dei flussi documentali, chatbot e sistemi di customer service, che hanno migliorato tempi, precisione ed efficienza dei servizi. La ricerca mette tuttavia in luce anche limiti e criticità, quali la carenza di risorse e competenze in molte amministrazioni, i rischi connessi all’uso dei dati e la necessità di garantire sostenibilità ambientale dei sistemi digitali. Nel complesso, la tesi ribadisce la rilevanza strategica dell’IA per la modernizzazione della PA italiana, indicando la direzione per un’adozione responsabile, trasparente e orientata al cittadino.
L’intelligenza artificiale nella pubblica amministrazione italiana: analisi dell’implementazione dei sistemi di IA nell’INPS
BROGGIATO, ALBERTO
2025/2026
Abstract
This research analyzes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Italian public administration, with a particular focus on the case of INPS, a key institution in the national welfare system. After reconstructing the historical and regulatory evolution of AI and the relevant policy framework—from the Italian Strategy 2024-2026 to the European AI Act and the UN recommendations—the dissertation delves into the impact of AI in the public sector, highlighting its organizational, cultural, and ethical implications. The analysis highlights several key best practices, including the need for centralized governance, the adoption of public-private collaboration models, the development of widespread digital skills, and the promotion of transformational leadership capable of driving change. The INPS experience demonstrates how AI can translate into concrete benefits for citizens through document flow automation projects, chatbots, and customer service systems, which have improved the timeliness, accuracy, and efficiency of services. However, the research also highlights limitations and critical issues, such as the lack of resources and expertise in many administrations, the risks associated with data use, and the need to ensure the environmental sustainability of digital systems. Overall, the thesis reaffirms the strategic importance of AI for the modernization of the Italian public administration, pointing the way for responsible, transparent, and citizen-focused adoption.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104441