This thesis investigates behavioral inhibition processes in emotionally salient contexts in individuals characterized by impulsivity and emotional dysregulation. A modified version of the Stop Signal Task (SST) was employed, in which go stimuli consisted of directional arrows and stop stimuli were facial expressions displaying positive, negative, or neutral emotions. In individuals without psychopathology, the salience of emotional stimuli facilitates the detection of the stop signal, producing a facilitatory effect on response inhibition. The present study examines whether this effect is reduced or absent in clinical populations with impaired impulse control. Three groups were compared: (1) individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder and Substance Use Disorder, (2) a clinical control group with Substance Use Disorder and anxious-depressive symptomatology, and (3) a non-clinical control group. By analyzing Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) and inhibition errors across emotional conditions, the study explores the interaction between affective salience and executive control. It is hypothesized that clinical groups will not show the typical inhibitory advantage associated with emotional stimuli, suggesting a difficulty in integrating emotional processing with action-stopping mechanisms. This work is framed within a perspective linking inhibitory deficits to the regulation of will and impulse control, constructs that are central not only in clinical psychology but also in legal contexts. In forensic settings, there are still no shared criteria to define the extent to which personality disorders may affect self-determination and criminal responsibility. The findings aim to contribute to the understanding of the cognitive correlates underlying the ability to “stop oneself” in the presence of emotionally salient stimuli, offering interdisciplinary insights bridging clinical psychology and forensic psychopathology.
La presente tesi indaga i processi di inibizione comportamentale in contesti emotivamente salienti in soggetti caratterizzati da impulsività e disregolazione emotiva. A tal fine è stata utilizzata una versione modificata dello Stop Signal Task (SST), in cui gli stimoli go sono frecce direzionali e gli stimoli di stop sono volti con espressione emotiva positiva, negativa o neutra. Nei soggetti senza psicopatologia, la salienza degli stimoli emotivi facilita l’individuazione del segnale di stop, producendo un effetto facilitatorio sull’inibizione della risposta. Lo studio verifica se tale effetto risulti assente o ridotto in popolazioni cliniche con difficoltà nel controllo degli impulsi. Sono stati confrontati tre gruppi: (1) soggetti con Disturbo Borderline di Personalità e Disturbo da Uso di Sostanze, (2) un gruppo clinico con Disturbo da Uso di Sostanze e sintomatologia ansioso-depressiva, e (3) un gruppo di controllo non clinico. Attraverso l’analisi del Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) e degli errori di inibizione nei diversi contesti emotivi, è stata esaminata l’interazione tra salienza affettiva e controllo esecutivo. Si ipotizza che i gruppi clinici non mostrino il tipico vantaggio inibitorio associato agli stimoli emotivi, suggerendo una difficoltà nell’integrazione tra processi emotivi e meccanismi di arresto dell’azione. Il lavoro si colloca in una prospettiva che collega i deficit di inibizione alla regolazione della volontà e al controllo degli impulsi, costrutti centrali anche in ambito giuridico. In contesto forense, infatti, non esistono ancora criteri condivisi per definire in quale misura i disturbi di personalità possano incidere sulla capacità di autodeterminazione e sull’imputabilità. I risultati mirano a contribuire alla comprensione dei correlati cognitivi della capacità di “fermarsi” in presenza di stimoli emotivamente salienti, offrendo spunti di integrazione tra psicologia clinica e psicopatologia forense.
Comportamenti impulsivi e responsabilità penale: uno studio sul disturbo borderline di personalità in comorbilità con l'abuso di sostanze
ZANARDI, MARTINA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis investigates behavioral inhibition processes in emotionally salient contexts in individuals characterized by impulsivity and emotional dysregulation. A modified version of the Stop Signal Task (SST) was employed, in which go stimuli consisted of directional arrows and stop stimuli were facial expressions displaying positive, negative, or neutral emotions. In individuals without psychopathology, the salience of emotional stimuli facilitates the detection of the stop signal, producing a facilitatory effect on response inhibition. The present study examines whether this effect is reduced or absent in clinical populations with impaired impulse control. Three groups were compared: (1) individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder and Substance Use Disorder, (2) a clinical control group with Substance Use Disorder and anxious-depressive symptomatology, and (3) a non-clinical control group. By analyzing Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) and inhibition errors across emotional conditions, the study explores the interaction between affective salience and executive control. It is hypothesized that clinical groups will not show the typical inhibitory advantage associated with emotional stimuli, suggesting a difficulty in integrating emotional processing with action-stopping mechanisms. This work is framed within a perspective linking inhibitory deficits to the regulation of will and impulse control, constructs that are central not only in clinical psychology but also in legal contexts. In forensic settings, there are still no shared criteria to define the extent to which personality disorders may affect self-determination and criminal responsibility. The findings aim to contribute to the understanding of the cognitive correlates underlying the ability to “stop oneself” in the presence of emotionally salient stimuli, offering interdisciplinary insights bridging clinical psychology and forensic psychopathology.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Zanardi_Martina.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
876.26 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
876.26 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108007