Confirmation bias represents one of the main cognitive biases involved in the processes of evaluating and interpreting information. This phenomenon leads individuals to favor content consistent with their pre-existing beliefs, assigning greater credibility to confirming information while showing resistance toward disconfirming evidence. Through the analysis of several studies, the cognitive and physiological mechanisms associated with confirmation bias are explored, with particular attention to the role of cognitive load, source credibility, and feedback processing. These studies highlight how confirmation bias influences not only judgments and belief-updating processes, but also implicit and automatic responses measurable through physiological indicators such as eye movements and pupillary changes. Overall, confirmation bias appears to contribute to the stability of individual beliefs and to the difficulty of integrating conflicting information, playing a significant role in information-processing mechanisms and contemporary communication dynamics.
Il confirmation bias rappresenta una delle principali distorsioni cognitive coinvolte nei processi di valutazione e interpretazione delle informazioni. Questo fenomeno porta gli individui a privilegiare contenuti coerenti con le proprie credenze pregresse, attribuendo maggiore credibilità alle informazioni confermanti e mostrando resistenza nei confronti di evidenze disconfermanti. Attraverso l’analisi di diversi studi, vengono approfonditi i meccanismi cognitivi e fisiologici associati al bias di conferma, con particolare attenzione al ruolo del carico cognitivo, della credibilità della fonte e dell’elaborazione del feedback. Tali ricerche evidenziano come il confirmation bias influenzi non solo i giudizi e i processi di aggiornamento delle credenze, ma anche risposte implicite e automatiche misurabili tramite indicatori fisiologici, come movimenti oculari e variazioni pupillari. Nel complesso, emerge come il confirmation bias contribuisca alla stabilità delle convinzioni individuali e alla difficoltà di integrare informazioni contrastanti, assumendo un ruolo significativo nei processi di elaborazione dell’informazione e nelle dinamiche comunicative attuali.
Il bias di conferma, il ruolo del carico cognitivo e della credibilità della fonte
COMINI, GIANLUCA
2025/2026
Abstract
Confirmation bias represents one of the main cognitive biases involved in the processes of evaluating and interpreting information. This phenomenon leads individuals to favor content consistent with their pre-existing beliefs, assigning greater credibility to confirming information while showing resistance toward disconfirming evidence. Through the analysis of several studies, the cognitive and physiological mechanisms associated with confirmation bias are explored, with particular attention to the role of cognitive load, source credibility, and feedback processing. These studies highlight how confirmation bias influences not only judgments and belief-updating processes, but also implicit and automatic responses measurable through physiological indicators such as eye movements and pupillary changes. Overall, confirmation bias appears to contribute to the stability of individual beliefs and to the difficulty of integrating conflicting information, playing a significant role in information-processing mechanisms and contemporary communication dynamics.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109505